2011年-2013年大连市发热伴血小板减少综合征流行病学特征分析

发布时间：2018-03-04 14:56

  本文选题：发热伴血小板减少综合征　切入点：流行病学特征　出处：《大连医科大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的分析发热伴血小板减少综合征病例流行病学特征，掌握动态流行趋势，以期进一步提高对该病的认识，为加强疾病控制提供有效依据。方法通过流行病学的个案调查与描述性分析方法，对收集的2011年-2013年大连市发热伴血小板减少综合征确诊病例的发病、临床症状、实验室检测与流行病学史等资料进行整理与分析。结果2011年—2013年大连市共发现本地病例55例，死亡16例，大连市各区市县中有7个区市县存在发热伴血小板减少综合征疫情，病例以丘陵地区50岁以上人群为主，占全部病例的92.73%，，职业以农民及家务待业者为主，占全部病例的90.91%,男性病例与女性病例的性别比为1.29：1。7、8月为发病高峰，占全部病例的65.45%。部分确诊病例有明确蜱叮咬史或接触史，占所有病例的34.55%。绝大部分本地病例出现发热症状，体温最低37.1℃，最高40℃，平均39℃，且发热为主要首发症状。大部分病例有乏力（61.82%）、腹泻（50.91%）、食欲减退（80%）、恶心（52.73%）等非特异性症状。所有确诊病例的实验室检查均出现血小板和白细胞的明显降低。结论大连市已经有发热伴血小板减少综合征确诊病例的出现，并且连续三年有病例的报告，而且有流行上升的趋势。大连对该病的加强防控刻不容缓。因此，为了降低发热伴血小板减少综合征的病死率，我们应提高对该病的认识，争取做到早诊断、早发现、早治疗，加强隔离和防护措施。大连市发热伴血小板减少综合征疫情有逐年增多的趋势，需进一步加强对该病的监测及研究。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of febrile patients with thrombocytopenia syndrome and to grasp the dynamic epidemic trend in order to further improve the understanding of the disease. Methods by means of epidemiological case investigation and descriptive analysis, the incidence and clinical symptoms of confirmed cases of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Dalian from 2011 to 2013 were collected. Results from 2011 to 2013, 55 local cases and 16 deaths were found in Dalian. Fever and thrombocytopenia were found in 7 districts and counties of Dalian. The majority of the cases were over 50 years old in hilly areas, accounting for 92.73% of the total cases. The occupation was mainly farmers and household workers, accounting for 90.91% of the total cases. The sex ratio of male cases to female cases was 1.29: 1.7, and the peak incidence was in August. Some confirmed cases had definite history of tick bites or contact, and the majority of local cases had fever symptoms. The lowest temperature was 37.1 鈩

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