四川省凉山彝族自治州2011-2014年15～24岁人群HIV新发感染监测分析

发布时间：2018-03-13 00:24

本文选题：~岁人群　切入点：艾滋病病毒　出处：《中国艾滋病性病》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解凉山彝族自治州15~24岁人群艾滋病病毒(HIV)的新发感染率及新发感染情况,了解该人群HIV的流行状况和趋势。方法收集2011-2014年凉山州各级医疗机构病历报告汇总的所有15~24岁接受HIV检测的个体,用酶联免疫吸附试验和蛋白印迹方法检测出的HIV抗体阳性样本数,排除既往阳性样本后,再应用BED捕获酶免疫法(BED-CEIA)检测出新发感染样本数,进而估算各年的HIV-1新发感染率。结果 2011-2014年,凉山州所有医疗机构共检测出15~24岁HIV新发感染者574例,占全部新发感染者的18.40%(574/3120)。各年新发感染率分别为0.40%、0.49%、0.61%和0.59%。HIV新发感染者以彝族(94.08%)、未婚(45.30%)、文盲和小学教育程度(66.38%)、农民(77.18%)和无业(3.48%)的个体居多。性传播和注射吸毒是凉山州青少年人群感染HIV主要的传播途径,但性接触传播的比例呈现逐年快速上升趋势(趋势χ~2=74.80,P0.05)。结论凉山州青少年人群HIV感染形势严峻,通过性传播途径的HIV新发感染比例呈现逐年上升趋势。女性新发感染率呈现增长,青少年人群的主要HIV新发感染者为彝族、文化程度低、职业大多为农民和无业者。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the new infection rate of HIV / AIDS virus (HIV / AIDS) and the status of new HIV infection in 1524 year old population in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. To understand the prevalence and trend of HIV in this population. Methods all 150-24 year old individuals who were tested for HIV were collected from the medical records of various medical institutions in Liangshan state from 2011 to 2014. The number of HIV antibody positive samples detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) and Western blotting (Western blot). After excluding the previous positive samples, the newly infected samples were detected by BED capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIAA). Results in 2011-2014, 574 new HIV infections aged 1524 years were detected in all medical institutions in Liangshan state. The rate of new infection in each year was 0.400.490.490.41% and 0.59.The number of newly infected persons were: Yi nationality 94.08, unmarried 45.30%, illiterate and primary education 66.38%, peasants 77.1818) and unemployed 3.48%. Sexual transmission and injecting drug use are mainly in Liangshan Prefecture. The main way of transmission of HIV infection among adolescents, However, the proportion of sexually transmitted infections increased rapidly year by year (蠂 ~ 2 / 2) 74.80 / P0.050.Conclusion the situation of HIV infection among adolescents in Liangshan Prefecture is serious, the rate of new HIV infection through the route of sexual transmission is increasing year by year, and the new infection rate of female is increasing. The main HIV infection among teenagers is Yi nationality with low education level and mostly peasants and unemployed people.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康与社会行为学系;凉山州疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(16PJ259) 凉山州艾滋病新发感染评估模式探索项目(2014LSCDC002)~~
【分类号】：R181.8;R512.91

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