西安市60岁以上老年人肺炎疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-15 00:00

本文选题：老年人　切入点：肺炎疫苗　出处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的研究西安市老年人对肺炎球菌疫苗的认知和接种意愿的影响因素,促进老年人接种肺炎疫苗,为更好地落实老年人肺炎疫苗接种工作提出政策建议。方法从西安市6个城区中随机抽取一个区,在所抽区中随机抽取2个社区,每个社区各选取300名60岁以上的常住老年人,进行面对面问卷调查,收集一般情况,健康状况,肺炎疫苗的知晓情况及接种意愿、接种情况等信息。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析方法,分析影响西安市老年人肺炎疫苗接种意愿的因素及相关情况。结果西安市60岁以上老年人肺炎疫苗接种意愿与文化程度、经济收入、是否患有慢性病有关,文化程度、经济收入越高及自身患有慢性病的人更愿意接种肺炎疫苗。肺炎疫苗未接种的原因主要是身体健康患肺炎的概率很小(59.50%),不清楚有肺炎疫苗(42.50%)和疫苗不在医保,价格难以支付(24.33%)。Logistic回归模型显示疫苗认知和接种意愿与月收入、是否有慢性病有统计学关系(P0.05)。结论积极开展有针对性的宣传,提高老年人群对肺炎疾病防制及疫苗的知识水平,引导老年人主动接种肺炎疫苗,另外将肺炎疫苗费用支付纳入医保范围,减轻居民的经济负担也是提高老年人肺炎疫苗接种率的有效办法。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the factors influencing the cognition and willingness to inoculate pneumococcal vaccine in the elderly in Xi'an, and to promote the inoculation of pneumococcal vaccine in the elderly. Methods one district was randomly selected from 6 urban areas in Xi'an, and 2 communities were randomly selected from each district. 300 residents over 60 years old were selected from each community. Face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect general information, health status, knowledge of pneumonia vaccine, vaccination intention, vaccination status and so on. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Results the vaccination intention of the elderly over 60 years old in Xi'an was related to their education level, economic income, chronic disease, and education level. The higher the economic income and the more people who suffer from chronic diseases, the more willing they are to be vaccinated against pneumonia. The main reason for not getting vaccinated against pneumonia is that the chances of getting pneumonia in good health are very small (59.50%). It is not clear that there is a pneumonia vaccine 42.50%) and that the vaccine is not covered by health insurance. Logistic regression model showed that there was a statistical relationship between vaccine cognition, vaccination willingness and monthly income, and whether there were chronic diseases. Conclusion We should actively carry out targeted propaganda to improve the knowledge level of the elderly people on the prevention and control of pneumonia diseases and vaccines. It is also an effective way to increase the vaccination rate of pneumonia vaccine for the elderly by guiding them to take the initiative to inoculate pneumonia vaccine and to bring the payment of pneumonia vaccine into the scope of medical insurance and to lighten the economic burden of residents.
【作者单位】：陕西省宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心;陕西省疾病预防控制中心现场流行病学项目;
【分类号】：R186.2

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