2004—2013年济南市细菌性痢疾流行特征及菌型变迁

发布时间：2018-03-24 03:10

本文选题：细菌性痢疾　切入点：流行病学　出处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2015年02期

【摘要】：目的了解济南市细菌性痢疾的流行特征及菌型变迁,为制定防制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2004—2013年济南市细菌性痢疾病例及菌痢菌型分布数据做回顾性分析。结果 2004—2013年济南市共报告细菌性痢疾例14 496例,年均发病率为22.95/10万。全年均可发病,具有明显的季节性,5~9月份为流行高峰期,共报告病例11 580例,占总病例数的79.88%。发病率由高到低依次为城区(槐荫、天桥、市中和历下)、城乡结合部(历城、长清)、郊县(章丘、平阴、济阳和商河),差异有统计学意义(χ2=2663.615,P=0.00)。各年龄组均有病例发生,发病年龄主要集中在0~4岁、20~30岁、10~20岁年龄组,分别占所有发病总人数的27.16%、17.47%和11.82%。菌痢男性年发病率为25.77/10万,女性发病率为20.08/10万,发病率男性高于女性(χ2=212.378,P=0.00)。以0~5岁年龄组病例数最多;职业分布以散居儿童、学生和农民为主,散居儿童居共报告病例3 761例,占发病总数的25.95%,居首位。2004—2012年共分离鉴定志贺菌株827株,其中B群622株占75.21%,为优势菌群;其次是D群184株占22.25%;A群11株占1.33%;C群最少10株占1.21%。福氏志贺菌检出率逐渐下降,而宋内氏志贺菌逐渐上升,且福氏志贺菌优势菌型也在不断变化。结论济南市菌痢发病率维持在较低水平,但因为流行因素广泛存在,流行菌型不断变迁,防控形势依然严峻。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemic characteristics and bacterial type changes of bacillary dysentery in Jinan. Methods the data of bacillary dysentery and the distribution of bacillary dysentery in Jinan from 2004 to 2013 were analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiology. Results 14,496 cases of bacillary dysentery were reported in Jinan from 2004 to 2013. The average annual incidence rate was 22.95 / 100 000. The annual incidence rate was 22.95 / 100 thousand. There was an obvious seasonal peak in September. 11,580 cases were reported, which accounted for 79.88% of the total cases. The incidence rate was in the urban area (Huayin, flyover, Huayin, Tianqiao). There were significant differences in urban and rural areas (Licheng, Changqing, Jixian (Zhangqiu, Pingyin, Jiyang and Shanghe) (蠂 ~ 2 ~ 2, 2663.63.615p ~ (0.00)). There were cases in all age groups, and the age of onset was mainly in the age group of 0 ~ 4 years old, 20 ~ 30 years old and 10 ~ 20 years old. The annual incidence of bacillary dysentery was 25.77% / 100 000 in men and 20.08% in women. The incidence rate in males was higher than that in females (蠂 ~ 2 212.378). The number of cases in the 0 to 5 age group was the most. The occupational distribution was mainly among scattered children, students and farmers. A total of 3761 cases were reported among children living in the diaspora, accounting for 25.955.95% of the total incidence. 827 Shiga strains were isolated and identified from 2004 to 2012, of which 622 strains in group B accounted for 75.21 strains. Secondly, 184 strains of group D accounted for 22.25 strains and 11 strains of group A accounted for 1.33. The detection rate of Shigella flexneri decreased gradually, while Shigella sonnei increased gradually, and the detection rate of Shigella flexneri decreased gradually. Conclusion the incidence rate of bacillary dysentery in Jinan is maintained at a low level, but the situation of prevention and control is still severe because of the widespread epidemic factors and the changing of epidemic bacteria.
【作者单位】：济南市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R516.4

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