2015年上海某工厂麻疹风疹混合暴发调查分析

发布时间：2018-03-28 18:13

本文选题：麻疹　切入点：风疹　出处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2016年05期

【摘要】：目的探讨大型企业麻疹、风疹混合暴发的流行特征,总结有效的疫情处置经验。方法收集个案流行病学信息,采用描述性方法对本次疫情进行调查分析。结果 2014年12月至2015年4月浦东新区发生大型企业麻疹和风疹混合流行,确诊麻疹病例33例(罹患率4.88/万),其中8人同时确诊为风疹(罹患率1.18/万),病例年龄(25.18±4.43)岁,临床症状典型,疫情持续97 d,同期新区外来人口麻疹发病率0.34/万(RR=14.07,95%CI=9.44~20.98,χ2=292.1,P0.001。尽管采取大范围麻疹类疫苗应急接种,但此次流行并未迅速终止。结论建议对流动人口采取免疫预防长效管理机制,入职时接种麻疹风疹联合疫苗,建立有效免疫屏障非常必要;加强大型企业传染病监测,尽早发现疫情,即时落实"免疫为主,综合防治"措施,有效控制疫情蔓延。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemic characteristics of measles and rubella outbreaks in large enterprises, and to summarize the effective experience in dealing with measles and rubella. A descriptive method was used to investigate and analyze the epidemic. Results from December 2014 to April 2015, a mixed epidemic of measles and rubella occurred in large enterprises in Pudong New area. 33 cases of measles were diagnosed (the attack rate was 4.88 / 10000), and 8 of them were diagnosed with rubella (attack rate of 11. 18 / 10 000). The age of the cases was 25. 18 卤4. 43 years. The clinical symptoms were typical. In the same period, the incidence of measles was 0.34 / 100.75%, 蠂 2 + 292.1% P 0.001.Although a wide range of measles vaccination was taken, the epidemic did not stop quickly. Conclusion the long-term mechanism of immunization should be adopted for the floating population. It is very necessary to establish an effective immune barrier by inoculating measles rubella vaccine and strengthening the surveillance of infectious diseases in large enterprises to detect the epidemic situation as soon as possible and to implement the measures of "immunization as the main body and comprehensive prevention and control" immediately to effectively control the spread of the epidemic.
【作者单位】：上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院;
【分类号】：R511;R181.3

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