社区获得性散发诺如病毒性胃肠炎的临床特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-02 05:01

  本文选题：诺如病毒　切入点：急性胃肠炎　出处：《实用医学杂志》2015年19期

【摘要】：目的:分析社区获得性散发诺如病毒性胃肠炎的临床特征,为该疾病诊治提供帮助。方法:选择2012年8月至2013年7月就诊于宣武医院肠道门诊拟诊感染性腹泻的患者519例,对患者的性别、年龄、发病月份及临床症状如发热、腹痛、腹泻及呕吐的次数等进行观察和记录。同时检测血常规及便常规,对粪便标本进行诺如病毒的核酸检测,并对基因序列测序分型。结果:腹泻病例519例,诺如病毒阳性患者136例(26.20%)。共分离诺如病毒140株,16个基因型为6个GⅠ型和10个GⅡ型,其中GⅡ-4 2006b 71例。老年患者患病率明显增高(P=0.021),诺如病毒感染患者易出现呕吐症状[60.29%(82/136)vs.43.08%(165/383),P=0.001],诺如病毒患者出现中性粒细胞的比例增高[63.97%(87/136)vs.54.56%(209/383),P=0.034],大便常规的镜检存在红、白细胞在诺如病毒感染患者低[16.18%(22/136)vs.27.42%(105/383),P=0.009]。GⅡ型在老年患者的发病明显高于GⅠ型(P=0.025)。结论 :GⅡ-4 2006b型诺如病毒是社区获得性散发诺如病毒性胃肠炎的主要病原体,其临床具有一定的特殊性,老年患者GⅡ型诺如病毒患病率较高。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the clinical characteristics of community-acquired sporadic noroviral gastroenteritis and to provide help for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: 519 patients with infectious diarrhea were selected from August 2012 to July 2013. The patient's sex, age, month of onset and clinical symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting were observed and recorded. Blood routine and stool routine were also detected. Results: 519 cases of diarrhea and 136 cases of norovirus positive patients were isolated 140 strains of Norovirus, 16 genotypes were 6 G 鈪，

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