济南市艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗相关状况研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 04:36

本文选题：HIV/AIDS　切入点：艾滋病抗病毒治疗　出处：《济南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的本研究通过分析济南市接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者的依从性教育知识知晓率、药物服用情况、换药影响因素、性行为相关情况、社会支持状况、婚育计划,合并感染及机会性感染情况,为今后开展艾滋病抗病毒治疗工作提供参考依据。方法本文采用方便抽样的方法,于2016年6月至10月在济南市传染病医院对目前接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗人群在知情同意的前提下进行问卷调查并对其中的部分研究对象进行面对面访谈。使用Epi Data 3.1建立数据库并进行双录入并核对,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行数据的统计分析,检验水准取ɑ=0.05。将访谈录音资料逐句整理成文字,并对资料进行归类分析并得出结论。结果1.截至2016年6月在济南市传染病医院接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者共857人,本次共调查316名接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者,其中有12人在宣读知情同意书内容后拒绝参与本次调查,共收回有效问卷304份。2.济南市接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者以男性为主,占97.4%(296/304),女性占2.6%(8/304),平均年龄为(31.98±8.15)岁,传播途径以同性传播为主,占93.4%(284/304),异性传播、受血或血制品感染、静脉吸毒感染的分别占3.9%(12/304)、1.0%(3/304)、0.7%(2/304)。3.近一个月按时服药的占96.7%(294/304),每月服药天数中位数是30天;未漏服过艾滋病抗病毒治疗药物的占79.9%(243/304)。15.8%(48/304)的艾滋病患者更换过药物;更换药物的原因是药物副反应严重41.7%(20/48),耐药35.4%(17/48),因免疫重建不良/失败而医生建议换药22.9%(11/48)。4.艾滋病抗病毒治疗后,80.6%(245/304)的艾滋病患者性伴个数减少,18.4%(56/304)性伴个数没变化,1.0%(3/304)性伴个数增加了。性生活频率方面,86.2%(262/304)的艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗后性生活频率下降,12.5%(38/304)的性生活频率没有发生改变,1.3%(4/304)的性生活频率增加。最近一次性行为时全程正确使用安全套的占82.9%(252/304)。5.未来有结婚打算的占24.7%(54/219);因父母要求而未来有结婚计划的占53.7%(29/54),自己希望结婚的占46.3%(25/54);未来有生育子女计划的占30.9%(94/304);未来有生育子女计划的艾滋病患者中,70.2%(66/94)是由于自己想要,26.6%(25/94)是由于父母要求,3.2%(3/94)是由于配偶想要。6.近一年内未患肺结核的艾滋病患者占95.7%(291/304)。近三个月内出现机会性感染症状及体征的艾滋病患者占18.1%(55/304),主要是皮肤损害的有38.2%(21/55)、鹅口疮的有23.6%(13/55)、持续腹泻(1个月)的有21.8%(12/55)、持续或间断发热(38oC,1个月)的有20.0%(11/55)等症状和体征。结论1.目前济南艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗管理工作采用定点医院为主导的模式,效果良好,主要表现为艾滋病患者服药依从性良好、漏服率低、换药率低、合并感染和机会性感染率低。2.济南市接受抗病毒治疗的人群以男男同性性行为人群为主,这与济南市艾滋病流行特征相符。正在接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者有结婚和生育的意愿或计划,提示下一步应加强艾滋病二代传播的预防与控制工作。3.艾滋病患者接受抗病毒治疗后虽然性行为有所变化,但仍需持续加强该人群的行为干预工作,尤其是安全套推广及正确使用,控制艾滋病的进一步传播。4.济南市正在接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者有较强的社会支持需求和心理需求,今后应继续发挥社会组织的独特优势,为艾滋病患者提供心理关怀和社会救助等服务。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is through the analysis of Ji'nan receiving antiretroviral treatment of AIDS patients compliance education knowledge awareness, medication compliance, dressing factors, related to sexual behavior, social support, marriage plans, infection and opportunistic infection, to provide reference for the future development of AIDS antiviral treatment work. By convenient sampling method in this paper methods from June 2016 to October in Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital of currently receiving antiretroviral therapy groups conducted a questionnaire survey on the premise of informed consent and face-to-face interviews on the part of the research object. Using Epi Data 3.1 database and the establishment of double entry and check, statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 statistical software testing standard. =0.05. will interview records by sorting into text, and the data were classified and analyzed Results and conclusion. As of June 2016 1. at the Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital receiving antiretroviral treatment of AIDS patients with a total of 857 people, the total 316 participants receiving antiretroviral treatment of AIDS patients, 12 of them refused to participate in the investigation and read the informed consent after the contents of 304 valid questionnaires were collected in Ji'nan.2. receiving antiretroviral treatment of AIDS patients were predominantly male, accounting for 97.4% (296/304), women accounted for 2.6% (8/304), mean age (31.98 + 8.15) years old, homosexual transmission ways to spread mainly accounted for 93.4% (284/304), heterosexual transmission, receiving blood or blood products infected, intravenous drug users accounted for 3.9% (12/304), 1% (3/304), 0.7% (2/304).3. nearly a month of medication accounted for 96.7% (294/304), the median duration of medication per month is 30 days; not missed drug antiretroviral therapy for HIV / AIDS accounted for 79.9% (243/304).15.8% (48/304) of AIDS patients The replacement of drugs; drug replacement is the cause of serious adverse drug reactions (20/48), 41.7% (17/48), because of drug resistance of 35.4% adverse immune reconstitution / failure and doctors recommend dressing 22.9% (11/48).4. AIDS antiviral treatment, 80.6% (245/304) of AIDS patients to reduce the number of sexual partners, 18.4% (56/304) with a the number did not change, 1% (3/304). The number of sexual partners increased sexual frequency, 86.2% (262/304) of AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral treatment after sexual life frequency decreased 12.5% (38/304) the frequency of sexual life has not changed, 1.3% (4/ 304) the frequency of sexual life. Recent sexual full right the use of condoms accounted for 82.9% (252/304).5. future plans to marry accounted for 24.7% (54/219); his parents and future marriage plans accounted for 53.7% (29/54), their hope of marriage accounted for 46.3% (25/ 54); the future plan of children accounted for 30.9% (94/304); future Have the children plan of AIDS patients, 70.2% (66/94) as you want, 26.6% (25/94) is due to parents, 3.2% (3/94) to.6. not is because the spouse suffered from tuberculosis in nearly a year of AIDS patients accounted for 95.7% (291/304). The past three months for infection symptoms and the signs of AIDS patients accounted for 18.1% (55/304), is mainly the skin damage is 38.2% (21/55), thrush 23.6% (13/55), persistent diarrhea (1 months) was 21.8% (12/55), persistent or intermittent fever (38oC 1 months) was 20% (11 /55). The symptoms and signs. The conclusion of the 1. current antiviral therapy management of AIDS patients in Ji'nan hospitals by the leading model, the effect is good, mainly for AIDS medication compliance, missed rate low, dressing rate is low, rate of infection and antiviral treatment of opportunistic infections in low.2. Ji'nan city crowd to male Male homosexual crowd, which is consistent with the epidemic characteristics of AIDS in Ji'nan city. Are receiving antiretroviral treatment of AIDS patients have marriage and childbearing intention or plan, suggesting that the next step should be to strengthen AIDS prevention and control the spread of the two generation of.3. AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral treatment after sex change, but still need to continue strengthen the work of behavioral intervention in this population, especially the promotion of condom use and proper use, control the further spread of AIDS in Ji'nan city.4. are receiving antiretroviral treatment of AIDS patients have a strong social support and psychological needs, the future should continue to play a unique advantage of the social organization, psychological care and social assistance services for AIDS patients.

【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R512.91

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