2006-2015年青海省肺结核流行特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-13 08:52

本文选题：肺结核 + 流行病学　；参考：《现代预防医学》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的了解2006-2015年青海省肺结核流行特征,为制定本省结核病防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学的研究方法,对2006-2015年青海省报告的肺结核资料进行统计分析。结果 2006-2015年青海省共报告肺结核61 285例,10年累计发病率为479.75/10万。藏区果洛州、玉树州报告发病率最高,分别为305.79/10万、254.97/10万;西宁市、海东市较低,分别为78.94/10万、78.83/10万,藏区牧民发病是城市、农业区的3倍。患者男女性别比为1.47∶1,青壮年发病多,其中20~44岁组发病人数最多,15岁以上病例占总病例数的96.95%。时间分布以2月份最少,4月份最多,每年的5月开始呈逐月下降的趋势,11月、12月有所上升。职业以农民、牧民和学生为主,分别占发病总数的43.12%、24.33%和7.87%,其中服务员、民工和长途驾驶员涂阳肺结核所占比例较高。涂阳肺结核所占比例呈下降趋势,2014年下降明显;西宁市、海东市涂阳肺结核所占比例较高,未痰检比例果洛州、海南州较高。结论青海省肺结核报告发病率近十年呈平稳趋势,2015年有小幅上升,肺结核发病以春季、农牧民、青壮年、男性多见,新型结核病防治服务模式推行后应加强领导重视,切实落实保障政策,降低全省肺结核发病率。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Qinghai province from 2006 to 2015, and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control strategies and measures in Qinghai province.Methods the data of pulmonary tuberculosis in Qinghai province from 2006 to 2015 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.Results 61,285 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Qinghai province from 2006 to 2015, and the cumulative incidence in 10 years was 479.75 / 100 000.The reported incidence rate in Guoluo Prefecture and Yushu Prefecture in Tibetan region was the highest, which was 305.79 / 100 000 or 254.97 / 100 million respectively. Xining City and Haidong City were relatively low, 78.94 / 100 000 or 78.83 / 100 thousand respectively. The incidence of herdsmen in Tibetan areas was three times higher than that in cities and agricultural areas.The sex ratio of male to female was 1.47: 1, and the number of young and middle-aged patients was more than that of young adults, and the most common cases in the group of 20 ~ 44 years old were above 15 years old, which accounted for 96.95% of the total number of cases.The time distribution was the highest in February and April, with a monthly downward trend beginning in May and rising in November and December.The occupation was mainly farmers, herdsmen and students, accounting for 43.12% and 7.87% of the total incidence respectively, among which the proportion of workers, migrant workers and long-distance drivers with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was higher.The proportion of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis decreased obviously in 2014. The proportion of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Xining city and Haidong city was higher than that in Guoluo county and Hainan county.Conclusion the reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Qinghai Province showed a steady trend in the past ten years, with a slight increase in 2015. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in spring, farmers and herdsmen, young adults and men is more common. After the implementation of the new TB prevention and control service model, the leadership should pay more attention to it.Carry out safeguard policy earnestly, reduce the incidence rate of tuberculosis of whole province.
【作者单位】：青海省疾病预防控制中心;青海大学医学院预防医学系;
【分类号】：R521;R181.3

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