35例埃博拉病毒病排查病例临床流行病学特征及防控措施探讨

发布时间：2018-04-16 23:26

  本文选题：埃博拉病毒病 + 诊断　； 参考：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年19期

【摘要】：目的探讨埃博拉病毒病疫区以外国家对埃博拉病毒病的排查方案及具体防控措施。方法对医院2014年8月-2016年5月收治的35例埃博拉病毒病排查患者的流行病学特征及临床资料进行回顾性分析,并通过WHO疫情通报收集非洲以外国家埃博拉确诊病例信息,对其流行病学特征进行分析。结果 35例患者均被排除埃博拉病毒病,皆非医务人员,无明确埃博拉病毒接触史,其中30例患者在21天内疫区居住及旅行史,5例患者来自非疫区国家,7例最后确诊为疟疾,经治疗后6例痊愈,1例死亡;非洲以外国家确诊埃博拉病毒病7例,其中6例为医务人员,所有病例皆有明确的接触史,其中输入性病例4例,二代病例3例,死亡1例。结论有明确埃博拉病毒接触史的医护人员是埃博拉病毒病的高危人群,可通过航空途径在潜伏期输入至疫区外国家,潜伏期传播风险低;对来自非洲的患者更应重视疟疾的诊断和经验性治疗;疑似病例应尽早完善各项基础检查,并进行早期基础治疗以降低死亡率。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the investigation and control of Ebola virus disease in countries outside Ebola epidemic area.Methods Epidemiological characteristics and clinical data of 35 Ebola patients admitted in our hospital from August 2014 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and the information of confirmed Ebola cases in countries other than Africa were collected by WHO epidemic notification.The epidemiological characteristics were analyzed.Results all 35 patients were excluded from Ebola virus disease, none of them were medical workers, and there was no definite history of exposure to Ebola virus. Among them, 30 patients lived and travelled in the infected area within 21 days.After treatment, 6 cases were cured and 1 case died, and 7 cases were diagnosed as Ebola virus disease outside Africa, among which 6 cases were medical workers. All cases had a clear history of contact, including 4 cases of imported cases, 3 cases of second-generation cases and 1 case of death.Conclusion Medical staff with a clear history of exposure to Ebola virus are high risk population of Ebola virus disease, which can be imported to foreign countries in the epidemic area by air route, and the risk of transmission in incubation period is low.Patients from Africa should pay more attention to the diagnosis and empirical treatment of malaria, suspected cases should be improved as soon as possible, and early basic treatment should be carried out to reduce mortality.
【作者单位】： 广州市第八人民医院重症医学科;
【基金】：2014-2017年广州市健康医疗协同创新重大专项之“呼吸道新发突发及重大传染病综合防诊治”(201400000002)
【分类号】：R181.3;R512.8
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本文编号：1761055