“东方之星客船倾覆事件”搜救人员血吸虫感染风险评估

发布时间：2018-05-01 20:42

本文选题：血吸虫病 + 东方之星　；参考：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2015年05期

【摘要】：目的评估"东方之星客船倾覆事件"发生流域灾后救援人员血吸虫感染风险,为科学制定防控措施提供依据。方法通过现场观察及回顾性调查等方式,获取监利县"东方之星客船倾覆事件"现场救援情况和当地血吸虫病历史疫情资料,结合专题小组讨论和风险矩阵,对救援人员感染血吸虫的风险进行评估。结果此次参与搜救人员超过10 000人,主要包括武警、当地群众、预备役军人等,其中武警为主要搜救人员(占39%)。回顾性调查显示,监利县历史血吸虫病疫情较重,但经多年积极防治,疫情显著下降,2014年人群感染率为0.44%,事发流域上、下游两村有螺面积仅6.6 hm2,且已连续11年未查到感染性钉螺,钉螺密度不高。综合评估表明,灾后救援人员血吸虫感染风险评估等级为中度危险。结论事发水域存在血吸虫感染的可能,但发生概率不高。应对搜救人员加强防护和健康教育,开展高危环境灭螺,强化监测预警,防止出现灾后血吸虫病流行。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the risk of schistosomiasis infection among rescue workers after the disaster of the East Star passenger ship capsizing event, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures. Methods by means of field observation and retrospective investigation, the scene rescue situation and local schistosomiasis epidemic data of "East Star passenger ship capsizing incident" in Jianli County were obtained, combined with thematic group discussion and risk matrix. The risk of schistosomiasis infection among rescue workers was assessed. Results more than 10,000 people were involved in the search and rescue, mainly including the armed police, local people, reservists and so on, of which the armed police were the main searchers. A retrospective investigation shows that the historical schistosomiasis epidemic in Jianli County is relatively serious, but after years of active prevention and treatment, the epidemic situation has significantly decreased. The population infection rate in 2014 was 0.44. The snail area in the two villages downstream was only 6.6 hm2.Infectious snails had not been detected for 11 consecutive years, and the snail density was not high. The comprehensive assessment showed that the risk of Schistosoma japonicum infection was assessed as a moderate risk for rescue workers after the disaster. Conclusion there is a possibility of schistosomiasis infection in the water area, but the probability of schistosomiasis infection is not high. Rescue workers should strengthen protection and health education, carry out snail control in high risk environment, strengthen monitoring and early warning, and prevent schistosomiasis epidemic after disaster.
【作者单位】：武汉大学公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R532.21

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