新疆喀什地区黑热病暴发的危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-06-15 01:33

本文选题：黑热病 + 暴发　；参考：《中国人兽共患病学报》2015年06期

【摘要】：目的探讨新疆喀什地区黑热病暴发流行的危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究,自制调查问卷,以基于利什曼原虫kDNA保守区PCR扩增的分子方法检测呈阳性感染的为病例组,按1∶3匹配选择年龄、性别、营养状况、职业、家庭收入与消费、受教育程度等方面差别无统计学意义(P0.05),且利什曼原虫感染检测呈阴性的健康人为对照组,对性别、环境和行为等10个潜在危险因素进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果75份易感人血样感染利什曼原虫阳性率为82.67%(62/75)。单因素分析显示:户外被叮咬、户外露宿习惯、邻居有黑热病患者、蚊帐及趋避剂杀虫剂的使用与当地易感人群感染利什曼原虫关系密切,危险比(RH)值和95%可信区间(95%CI)依次为7.296,(3.102,1.16)、15.429(5.876,8.995)、75.6(26.6,214.9)、0.311(0.132,0.733)、0.491(0.292,0.672);多因素分析显示:户外被叮咬、邻居有黑热病患者是感染利什曼原虫的危险因素,使用蚊帐是保护性因素,RH值和95%CI为12.56(3.476,45.38)、140.987(37.59,528.8)、0.185(0.05,0.68)。结论在该地区易感人群感染利什曼原虫率较高的情况下,对当地居民普及黑热病的危害及防御措施,及时确诊并彻底诊治黑热病患者,尽量避免户外被叮咬,养成使用蚊帐习惯是预防控制当地人源型黑热病感染暴发的有效措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the risk factors of kalazar disease outbreak in Kashi area of Xinjiang. Methods A case-control study, a self-made questionnaire, and a molecular method based on PCR amplification of KDNA conserved region of Leishmania were used to detect positive infection. Age, sex, nutritional status and occupation were selected according to 1:3 matching. There was no significant difference in household income, consumption, education level and so on. Ten potential risk factors, such as environment and behavior, were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results the positive rate of leishmania infection in 75 susceptible human blood samples was 82.67% and 62 / 75%. Univariate analysis showed that outdoor bites, outdoor sleeping habits, neighbors with leishmaniasis, the use of mosquito nets and insect repellent insecticides were closely related to the infection of Leishmania protozoa in the local susceptible population. The risk ratio (RH) and 95% CI (95% CI) were 7.296 / 3.1021.16 / 15.4295.876 / 8.995 / 75.626.6214.90.3110.1320.733 / 0.4910.2920.672 respectively. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors of Leishmania infection were outdoor bites, neighbor patients with black fever, protective factors RH and 95CI of 12.563.4764380.98737.59528.28. Conclusion under the condition of high infection rate of Leishmania protozoa in the susceptible population in this area, it is necessary to popularize the harm and preventive measures of leishmaniasis to local residents, to diagnose and treat the patients with leishmaniasis in time, and to avoid being bitten outdoors as far as possible. Developing the habit of using mosquito nets is an effective measure to prevent and control the outbreak of local origin keloid disease.
【作者单位】：山东省医学科学院;山东省寄生虫病防治研究所;
【基金】：创新或共性平台技术项目(No.2008IPB202)~~
【分类号】：R531.6

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