中国2009—2014年疟疾疫情流行特征分析

发布时间：2018-08-03 07:06

【摘要】：目的了解中国2009—2014年疟疾疫情流行特征,为今后开展疟疾消除工作提供参考依据。方法收集2009年1月—2014年12月公共卫生科学数据中心(除港、澳、台地区)和全国疟疾疫情报告数据,应用Excel2010和SPSS 19.0统计软件分析疟疾疫情的流行特征。结果中国2009—2014年共报告疟疾病例34 843例,年均发病率为0.43/10万,其中2009、2010、2011、2012、2013、2014年疟疾发病率分别为1.06/10万、0.55/10万、0.30/10万、0.18/10万、0.29/10万、0.22/10万,疟疾发病率总体上呈下降趋势(χ~2趋势=3.012,P=0.003);疟疾多发于夏季,发病高峰为6—8月,3个月的疟疾发病例数占总发病例数的42.05%;报告疟疾总发病数居于前5位的地区分别为安徽(8 868例,占25.45%)、云南(7 546例,占21.66%)、河南(3 390例,占9.73%)、江苏(1 975例,占5.67%)和广西(1 888例,占4.88%),5个地区的疟疾报告病例数占总报告病例数的67.92%;病例类型分为间日疟(20 758例,占59.57%)、恶性疟(9 769例,占28.04%)和未分型疟疾(4 316例,占12.39%);2009—2014年本地感染病例所占比例逐年下降,从2009年的90.57%下降至2014年的1.92%,而境外输入病例所占比例逐年上升,从2009年的9.43%上升至2014年的98.08%。结论中国疟疾疫情有明显的季节性和地区特征,境外输入性疟疾已成为疟疾感染的主要来源。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemic characteristics of malaria in China from 2009 to 2014, and to provide a reference for malaria elimination in the future. Methods from January 2009 to December 2014, data were collected from the Public Health Science data Center (except Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan) and the whole country. The epidemic characteristics of malaria were analyzed by Excel2010 and SPSS 19.0 software. Results A total of 34,843 malaria cases were reported in China in 2009-2014, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.43 / 100,000, of which 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013.The incidence of malaria in 2014 was 106 / 100, 0.55 / 100, 0.30 / 100, 0.18 / 100, 0.29 / 100, 0.22 / 100, respectively. The incidence of malaria generally showed a downward trend (蠂 ~ 2 trend: 3.012P0. 003), malaria occurred more frequently in summer, with a peak of 6 to 8 months, and the number of malaria cases in 3 months accounted for 42.05 of the total cases. The areas in which the total incidence of malaria was reported to be among the top five were Anhui (8 868 cases). In Yunnan (7,546 cases, 21.66%), Henan (3,390 cases, 9.73%), Jiangsu (1,975 cases, 5.67%) and Guangxi (1,888 cases, 4.88%), the number of reported malaria cases in 5 regions accounted for 67.92% of the total reported cases, and the cases were classified as vivax malaria (20,758 cases, 59.57%), falciparum malaria (9,769 cases), falciparum malaria (9,769 cases). The proportion of local infections in 2009-2014 decreased from 90.57% in 2009 to 1.92% in 2014, while the proportion of imported cases increased year by year from 9.43% in 2009 to 98.08 in 2014. Conclusion Malaria epidemic in China has obvious seasonal and regional characteristics, and imported malaria has become the main source of malaria infection.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学医药卫生管理学院;湖北省人文社科重点研究基地—农村健康服务研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(71473097)
【分类号】：R181.3;R531.3

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