云南省2013年吸毒人群艾滋病行为调查分析

发布时间：2018-08-11 21:20

【摘要】：目的了解云南省吸毒人群的艾滋病知晓率、相关危险行为及其影响因素,为制定干预策略和评估干预效果提供依据。方法强戒所采用固定场所连续抽样,社区采用"滚雪球"抽样对吸毒人员进行统一问卷调查,获得调查对象的人口学特征、艾滋病知晓率和行为学等信息。结果共调查吸毒人群13 969人,艾滋病知识知晓率为93.2%,男性、外省/外籍、文化程度偏低的吸毒者更倾向于共用针具。干预覆盖率为67.4%,社区干预覆盖率(86.4%)明显高于戒毒所(61.4%),吸毒人群接受检测并知晓结果的比例较低(27.8%)。与2002年云南省首轮行为调查相比,该人群不共用注射器的比例和安全套使用率明显提高。结论云南省吸毒人群对艾滋病基本知识的知晓率较高,但仍存在共用针具和不使用安全套的情况,血液传播和性传播的风险高。建议进一步提高美沙酮维持治疗、清洁针具交换和HIV检测的覆盖面,对检测结果及时准确告知。加强监管场所吸毒人群综合干预和吸毒人群安全性行为干预工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the awareness rate of AIDS, related risk behaviors and its influencing factors among drug users in Yunnan Province, and to provide evidence for formulating intervention strategies and evaluating the effectiveness of intervention. Methods continuous sampling of fixed place was used in Qiangjie Institute, and the community used "snowball" sampling to conduct a unified questionnaire to drug addicts. The demographic characteristics, AIDS awareness rate and behavior were obtained. Results A total of 13 969 drug users were investigated. The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 93. 2%. The drug users who were male, provincial / foreign and less educated were more likely to share needles. The rate of intervention coverage was 67.4%, the rate of community intervention coverage (86.4%) was significantly higher than that of drug treatment center (61.4%), and the proportion of drug users who were tested and knew the results was lower (27.8%). Compared with the first round of behavior survey in Yunnan Province in 2002, the proportion of syringes not shared and the rate of condom use in this population increased significantly. Conclusion the knowledge rate of AIDS among drug addicts in Yunnan Province is high, but there is still the situation of sharing needles and not using condoms, and the risk of blood transmission and sexual transmission is high. It is suggested to further improve the coverage of methadone maintenance therapy, clean needle exchange and HIV detection. We should strengthen the comprehensive intervention of drug users in regulatory establishments and the intervention of safe sex among drug users.
【作者单位】：昆明医科大学公共卫生学院;云南省疾病预防控制中心艾滋病科;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技重大专项(2012ZX10001001-010)
【分类号】：R512.91

【参考文献】