湖南省2004—2013年细菌性痢疾时空格局GIS技术分析

发布时间：2018-10-08 11:35

【摘要】：目的了解湖南省细菌性痢疾的时空分布格局,为强化公共卫生资源的优化配置、开展有效防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集湖南省2004—2013年细菌性痢疾发病的相关数据和资料,描述细菌性痢疾发病的三间分布特征,应用地理信息系统(GIS)对其时空分布格局进行分析。结果湖南省2004—2013年细菌性痢疾发病率为14.83/10万,男性发病率为17.10/10万,女性发病率为12.41/10万,0~20岁发病率较高(32.6/10万),职业构成以散居儿童(34.93%)、农民(25.49%)、学生(14.12%)为主;2004—2009年湖南省发病率逐年升高,而2009—2013年发病率又逐渐下降,常德、岳阳、长沙、益阳、娄底、邵阳、张家界和郴州等8个市发病例数呈先升后降的抛物线形状,湘潭、衡阳、怀化呈持续下降趋势,株洲、永州10年基本持平,而湘西自治州在2013年出现升高现象;空间分布中,湘西自治州发病率最高(39.99/10万),其次是郴州(23.31/10万)和永州(20.20/10万),2004—2013年湘西自治州一直属于高发地区,郴州在2004、2006、2007、2008、2011、2012年高发,长沙在2004—2006年高发后发病率逐渐降低,怀化、邵阳、永州近年来较为高发。结论湖南省自2009年后,大部分地区细菌性痢疾呈下降趋势,但湘西自治州在2013年出现升高现象,细菌性痢疾的发病主要集中在湖南省西部和南部地区,中部以长沙为主,北部地区菌痢发病率较低。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of bacillary dysentery in Hunan Province and to provide scientific basis for strengthening the optimal allocation of public health resources and carrying out effective prevention and control measures. Methods the data and data of bacillary dysentery in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2013 were collected, and the three distribution characteristics of bacillary dysentery were described. The spatial and temporal distribution pattern of bacillary dysentery was analyzed by using geographic information system (GIS). Results the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2013 was 148.3 / 100,000, and the incidence rate of male was 1710 / 100 thousand. The incidence rate among women is 12.41 / 100,000 and the incidence rate of 20 years old is higher (32.6 / 100,000). The occupational composition is scattered children (34.93%), farmers (25.49%), students (14.12%). The incidence rate in Hunan Province increased year by year from 2004 to 2009. However, in 2009-2013, the incidence rate decreased gradually. Changde, Yueyang, Changsha, Yiyang, Loudi, Shaoyang, Zhangjiajie and Chenzhou showed parabola shape, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Huaihua showed a continuous downward trend, Zhuzhou, Yongzhou, 10 years, and Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture increased in 2013; In the spatial distribution, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture had the highest incidence rate (399,999 / 100 thousand), followed by Chenzhou (233.1 / 100 thousand) and Yongzhou (20.20% 100,000). Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture had always been a high incidence area from 2004 to 2013. Chenzhou had a high incidence in 2004 / 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2011 and a high incidence in 2012 and Changsha gradually decreased after a high incidence in 2004-2006. Huaihua, Shaoyang, Yongzhou in recent years relatively high. Conclusion since 2009, the bacillary dysentery in most areas of Hunan Province showed a downward trend, but increased in 2013 in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture. The incidence of bacillary dysentery mainly occurred in the western and southern regions of Hunan Province, and Changsha was the main disease in the central part of Hunan Province. The incidence of bacillary dysentery was lower in the northern region.
【作者单位】：湖南师范大学医学院预防医学系;湖南省疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：湖南省教育厅重点项目(11AO68)
【分类号】：R516.4

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