宁夏回族自治区1例免疫缺陷相关的疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒病例的流行病学调查和处置

发布时间：2018-12-12 04:49

【摘要】：目的探索免疫缺陷相关的疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒(Immunodeficiency-associated Vaccine-derived Poliovirus,i_ VDPV)病例的控制对策。方法对i _VDPV病例进行流行病学调查,定期采集粪便标本进行病毒分离和核苷酸检测。开展病例血清中和抗体和免疫功能检测。对病例居住地儿童进行口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(Oral Poliomyelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,OPV)接种率调查,采集密切接触者和周围健康儿童粪便标本,开展病例居住地和医院急性弛缓性麻痹病例主动搜索。结果病例最终分类诊断为Ⅲ型(Type 3)i _VDPV(i _VDPVⅢ)病例,最高变异率为3.4%。当地儿童OPV接种率96%,接触者和健康儿童中分离到1株脊灰疫苗病毒。根据常规免疫接种率评价结果,确定部分地区开展了OPV查漏补种。结论 i _VDPV在当地未造成循环。要保持高的OPV接种率,开展脊灰输入传播风险评估,为修订免疫策略提供参考。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the control strategies of vaccine-derived poliovirus (Immunodeficiency-associated Vaccine-derived Poliovirus,i_ VDPV) cases. Methods Epidemiological investigation was carried out on I _ VDPV cases. Stool samples were collected regularly for virus isolation and nucleotide detection. Serum neutralization antibody and immune function were detected. The coverage rate of oral attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine (Oral Poliomyelitis Attenuated Live Vaccine,OPV) was investigated in children living in their place of residence. Fecal samples from close contacts and healthy children were collected and active search for acute flaccid paralysis cases in the place of residence and hospital was carried out. Results Type 鈪，

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