青海省五所高职院校学生结核病知识、信念、行为的调查研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 22:34

【摘要】：目的:调查青海省五所高职院校学生结核病知识、信念、行为的现状及有关的影响因素,为有效开展高职院校学生结核病健康教育提供科学依据。方法:采取分层整群抽样的方法,共抽取青海省五所高职院校1881名在校大一、大二学生作为调查对象。采用自行设计的结核病知识知识、信念、行为调查问卷进行调查。调查问卷内容包括基本情况、结核病防治知识、结核病相关信念、结核病相关行为和结核病知识需求及获取途径等内容。通过EpiData3.1进行了资料的录入,利用SPSS21.0软件对录入的资料进行统计学分析。结果:1.青海省高职院校学生对自设问卷的12个知识条目的总体知晓率为51.39%。单一知识知晓率介于9.62%-87.19%,对肺结核症状的知晓率最高,为87.19%;对是否有肺结核疫苗的知晓率最低,为9.62%。对结核病防治5条核心知识的总体知晓率为68.04%。2.青海省高职院校学生结核病信念的持有率15.90%-92.82%,结核病信念的总持有率为73.02%。3.青海省高职院校学生结核病相关行为的持有率介于38.01%-91.39%,结核病相关行为的总持有率为70.12%。4.单因素分析显示,不同类型的学校,不同年级、性别、民族的学生结核病防治知识知晓率存在差异。5.多因素分析显示,不同类型的学校,不同年级、民族学生结核病防治知识知晓率存在差异。6.通过Pearson相关性分析,结核病知识、信念和行为之间存在着相关关系。结论:1.青海省高职院校学生结核病防治知识的知晓率较低,而且了解不全面。需要进一步加强结核病防治知识的健康教育和宣传,尤其是我国对结核病患者的检查和治疗是否有免费政策;得了肺结核,一般需要治疗多长时间;目前我国是否有预防结核病的疫苗和个人预防肺结核比较有效的方法等内容的宣传普及。2.大多数学生对结核病防治信念掌握的较好,但对个人有患结核病的风险认识不清。高职院校学生接受结核病健康教育的态度比较积极,愿意积极参加学校开展的结核病健康教育相关活动。3.高职院校学生在结核病相关行为方面总体较好,但既往主动获取过结核病方面健康知识和主动将了解的结核病知识传授给家人和朋友的比例较低。4.不同人口学特征的学生结核病知识、信念、行为水平存在着一定差异,知识、信念、行为之间存在相关性。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the status quo of tuberculosis knowledge, belief, behavior and related influencing factors among students in five vocational colleges in Qinghai province, and to provide scientific basis for carrying out tuberculosis health education for students in higher vocational colleges. Methods: 1881 freshmen and sophomores in five vocational colleges in Qinghai province were selected by stratified cluster sampling. A self-designed questionnaire on tuberculosis knowledge, belief and behavior was used. The contents of the questionnaire include basic situation, knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control, tuberculosis related beliefs, tuberculosis related behaviors, knowledge needs and access to tuberculosis. The data was input by EpiData3.1, and the data was analyzed statistically by SPSS21.0 software. Results: 1. The overall awareness rate of 12 knowledge items in Qinghai vocational college is 51.39. The awareness rate of single knowledge ranged from 9.62 to 87.19, and that of tuberculosis symptoms was the highest (87.19), and that of tuberculosis vaccine was the lowest (9.62). The overall awareness rate of 5 core knowledge of TB control was 68.04.2. The holding rate of tuberculosis belief of students in Qinghai higher vocational colleges is 15.90-92.82%, and the total holding rate of tuberculosis belief is 73.02%. 3. The holding rate of TB related behaviors of students in Qinghai higher vocational colleges was between 38.01 and 91.39, and the total holding rate of TB related behaviors was 70.12.4. Univariate analysis showed that there were differences in the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge among students in different types of schools, different grades, sexes and nationalities. Multivariate analysis showed that there were differences in the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge among different types of schools, different grades and ethnic students. 6. 6%. By Pearson correlation analysis, there is a correlation between TB knowledge, beliefs and behavior. Conclusion: 1. The awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge of students in Qinghai higher vocational colleges is low, and the understanding is not comprehensive. There is a need to further strengthen health education and publicity on tuberculosis prevention and control, especially whether there is a free policy for the examination and treatment of tuberculosis patients in our country; At present whether our country has the prevention tuberculosis vaccine and the personal prevention tuberculosis more effective method and so on content propaganda popularizes. 2. Most students have a good grasp of TB prevention and control beliefs, but do not understand the individual risk of TB. Higher vocational college students accept tuberculosis health education attitude is more active, willing to actively participate in the school carried out by tuberculosis health education related activities. 3. The students in higher vocational colleges generally have better behavior related to tuberculosis, but the proportion of health knowledge about tuberculosis and knowledge of tuberculosis that has been actively acquired and transferred to family and friends is lower in the past. 4. There are some differences in tuberculosis knowledge, belief and behavior among students with different demographic characteristics, and there is a correlation between knowledge, belief and behavior.
【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R52;R193

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