2012-2013年上海市普陀区流感病原学分析

发布时间：2019-04-07 16:32

【摘要】：目的了解上海市普陀区流行性感冒流行病学特征,评价流感检测方法并为流感防控提供科学依据。方法对2012年1月至2013年12月上海市普陀区流感监测哨点医院流感样病例(Influent Like Illness,ILI)采集鼻咽拭子,采用实时荧光定量PCR对鼻咽拭子进行核酸检测,流感病毒核酸检测阳性标本采用MDCK细胞进行分离培养,对分离到的毒株采用血凝抑制试验(HI)进行型别和亚型鉴定。结果 2012年1月至2013年12月共采集流感样病例鼻咽拭子1 707例,其中流感病毒核酸检测阳性449例,总检出率26.30%,其中BV(B型Victoria系)、BY(B型Yamagata系)、甲型H3、甲型H1N1分别占总检出率的25.84%、6.68%、66.37%、7.31%。上海市普陀区流感流行高峰期为冬季和春季,不同年龄组之间流感病毒分离阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.252,P0.001),5岁~年龄组流感病毒分离阳性率最高;男性和女性对流感病毒的易感程度差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.215,P=0.643);B型流感病毒在MDCK细胞上的分离培养敏感性最好。结论流感监测工作应重点关注季节性H3和甲型H1N1流行时,加强流感病毒监测防控;5岁~年龄组流感病毒分离阳性率最高,应特别加强中小学学校暴发监测;流感病毒不同型别在MDCK细胞培养中的敏感性有待进一步探索。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Putuo district of Shanghai, evaluate the methods of influenza detection and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from influenza surveillance sentinel hospital (Influent Like Illness,ILI in Putuo District Shanghai from January 2012 to December 2013. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of nasopharyngeal swabs. Influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples were isolated and cultured with MDCK cells. Hemagglutination inhibition test (HI) was used to identify the types and subtypes of the isolates. Results from January 2012 to December 2013, a total of 1 707 cases of influenza-like nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, of which 449 were positive for influenza virus nucleic acid, with a total detection rate of 26.30%, of which BV (B-Victoria), BY (B-Yamagata), A H3, A H1N1 accounted for 25.84%, 6.68%, 66.37% and 7.31% of the total positive rate, respectively. The peak period of influenza epidemic in Putuo district of Shanghai was winter and spring. There was significant difference in the positive rate of influenza virus isolation among different age groups (蠂 2, 17.252, P0.001), and the positive rate of influenza virus isolation was the highest in 5-year-old group. There was no significant difference in susceptibility to influenza virus between male and female (蠂 2 = 0.215, P = 0.643), and the sensitivity of influenza B virus isolation and culture on MDCK cells was the best. Conclusion Influenza surveillance should focus on seasonal H3 and A H1N1 epidemics, strengthen the surveillance and control of influenza virus, and the positive rate of influenza virus isolation in 5-year-old group is the highest, especially in primary and secondary schools. The sensitivity of different types of influenza virus in MDCK cell culture needs to be further explored.
【作者单位】：上海市普陀区疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科;
【分类号】：R511.7

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