健康教育在大学新生结核病防治中的效果评价

发布时间：2019-04-24 11:07

【摘要】：目的了解大学新生对结核病的知晓情况,探索结核病防治健康教育的有效方法。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,对广东海洋大学2013年新生共计2065名,分别开展同伴教育、专题教育和发放健康教育处方等3种不同形式的结核病防治核心信息健康教育活动,并在教育前、后分别进行问卷调查,对健康教育干预效果进行评价。结果干预前、后新生结核病防治核心信息总知晓率分别为58.7%和86.3%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=547.20,P0.01);同伴教育组、专题教育组和健康教育处方组干预前知晓率分别为58.4%、59.1%和58.5%,各组间差异无统计学意义;采取不同的教育措施后,知晓率分别为97.5%、84.7%和76.8%,健康教育前后差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为309.59、107.54和51.87,P0.01),不同健康教育措施差异有统计学意义(χ2=712.57,P0.01)。结论对高校学生开展同伴教育、专题教育和发放健康教育处方等是学校防控结核病的可行方法,可有效提高大学生结核病防治核心信息知晓率,同伴教育效果最为明显。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the knowledge of tuberculosis among freshmen and explore the effective methods of health education for tuberculosis prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 2065 freshmen in Guangdong Ocean University in 2013 were randomly selected to carry out peer education, special education and distribution of health education prescriptions in three different forms of core information health education activities for tuberculosis prevention and control. Questionnaire survey was conducted before and after education to evaluate the effect of health education intervention. Results before intervention, the total awareness rate of core information of tuberculosis prevention and treatment was 58.7% and 86.3% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (蠂 2 = 547.20, P0.01). The awareness rates before intervention in peer education group, special education group and health education prescription group were 58.4%, 59.1% and 58.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference among the three groups. After taking different educational measures, the awareness rate was 97.5%, 84.7% and 76.8%, respectively. There was significant difference between before and after health education (蠂 2 = 309.59107.54 and 51.87, P0.01). The difference of different health education measures was statistically significant (蠂 2 = 712.57, P0.01). Conclusion carrying out peer education, special education and issuing prescription of health education for college students are feasible methods to prevent and control tuberculosis. It can effectively improve the awareness rate of core information of tuberculosis prevention and control among college students, and peer education has the most obvious effect.
【作者单位】：广东海洋大学医院;
【分类号】：R52

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