日粮添加火麻油和半胱胺对奶水牛生产性能、脂肪酸组成及瘤胃微生物群的影响

发布时间：2017-12-27 10:06

本文关键词：日粮添加火麻油和半胱胺对奶水牛生产性能、脂肪酸组成及瘤胃微生物群的影响　出处：《广西大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：试本文旨在研究火麻油(hemp seed oil, HSO)和半胱胺(cysteamine, CS)对奶水牛的产奶性能、脂肪酸组成以及瘤胃微生物菌群的影响。实验动物选择30头胎次相近(2、3胎)、泌乳中期且健康状况良好的同栋三品种杂交奶水牛(本地水牛×尼里-拉菲水牛×摩拉水牛),按照产奶量基本接近的原则,采用2×3析因完全随机设计,分成6组,每组5个重复,每个重复一头牛。在基础日粮中分别添加0 g HSO+0 g CS/头· d、0 g HSO+50 gCS/头·d、0 g HSO+100 g CS/头·d、150 g HSO+0 g CS/头·d、150 g HSO+50 g CS/头·d、150 g HSO+100 g CS/头·d,自由采食、饮水。预饲期14 d,正式饲养期28 d。结果表明,基础日粮中添加HSO和CS对奶水牛的标准乳产量无显著影响,可以提高水牛奶乳脂率和总固形物的含量,但对乳蛋白含量和乳糖含量无显著影响。添加HSO和CS不但可以显著提高乳脂中CLA (conjugated linoleic acid,共轭亚油酸)、C18：0以及TVA (trans vaccenic acid,反式油酸)含量(P0.05),而且能够显著降低SFA(saturated fatty acid,饱和脂肪酸)/UFA(unsaturated fatty acid,不饱和脂肪酸)(P0.05),日粮添加150g HSO和100g CS组CLA、C18:0以及TVA含量最高。总体看来,奶水牛日粮同时添加HSO和CS不仅乳脂中CLA的会显著增加,而且提高CLA的效果也要比单独添加HSO或CS的效果好。奶水牛日粮中添加HSO和CS可以显著提高血液中的胰岛素水平以及血液的抗氧化性；对其他生理生化指标以及免疫指标无显著影响。HSO能够显著提高血浆中C18:2n6c的含量,对其他脂肪酸的影响不显著。添加HSO和CS对瘤胃内pH以及乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、TVFA的浓度没有显著的影响,添加150g HSO能够显著提高瘤胃液中乳酸的含量,添加CS或同时添加CS和HSO能显著降低乙酸／丙酸值(P0.05)添加150g HSO能够极显著降低瘤胃中产VA丁酸弧菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌以及溶纤维丁酸弧菌的数量(P0.01)；添加100g CS能够显著降低瘤胃中产琥珀酸丝状杆菌的数量(P0.05),添加HSO或CS及其组合,均可极显著的降低了瘤胃内溶纤维丁酸弧菌的含量(P0.01),但对其他细菌影响不显著。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study is to study the effects of hemp seed oil (HSO) and cysteamine (cysteamine, CS) on the milk performance, fatty acid composition and rumen microbial flora of buffalo milk. The choice of experimental animal 30 parity similar (2, 3 births), with three varieties of hybrid buffalo mid lactation milk and in good health (the local buffalo * Nili Ravi buffalo * Murrah buffalo), in accordance with the milk yield close to the principle of using 2 * 3 factorial completely randomized design, divided into 6 group, with 5 replicates, each replicate a cow. In the basal diet, 0 g HSO+0 g CS/ head, D, 0 g HSO+50 gCS/ head, D, 0 g HSO+100, D, 0, G, D, 0, G, D, 0, G and HSO+100 were selected. The pre feeding period was 14 d, and the official feeding period was 28 d. The results showed that adding HSO and CS to basal diet had no significant effect on the milk yield of buffalo milk, and increased the milk fat percentage and total solids content of buffalo milk, but had no significant effect on milk protein content and lactose content. The addition of HSO and CS can not only increase the amount to CLA (conjugated linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, C18:0) and TVA (trans vaccenic acid, trans oleic acid) content (P0.05), and can significantly reduce the SFA (saturated fatty acid, saturated fatty acid (unsaturated) /UFA fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid () P0.05), 150g HSO and 100g supplementation group CS CLA, C18:0 and TVA were the highest. Generally speaking, the addition of HSO and CS to dairy cow diets not only significantly increased CLA in milk fat, but also increased the effect of CLA better than adding HSO or CS alone. Adding HSO and CS into dairy cow diet significantly increased blood insulin level and blood antioxidant capacity, but had no significant effect on other physiological and biochemical indexes and immune indexes. HSO could significantly increase the content of C18:2n6c in plasma, but had no significant effect on other fatty acids. The addition of HSO and CS on rumen pH and concentration of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, TVFA had no significant effect, adding 150g HSO can significantly improve the content of lactic acid in the rumen fluid, adding CS or addition of CS and HSO can significantly reduce the value of acetic acid / propionic acid (P0.05) with 150g HSO could significantly reduce the rumen middle VA butyrivibrio and Fibrobacter succinogenes and the number of b.fibrisolvens (P0.01); the amount of added 100g CS can significantly reduce the rumen middle succinate (P0.05), filamentous bacteria with HSO or CS and their combination, can significantly reduce the content of b.fibrisolvens rumen (P0.01), but on the other no significant effect of bacteria.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S823.5

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