不同来源豆粕和菜粕对于大恒肉鸡的能量和氨基酸营养价值评定研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 00:32

本文关键词：不同来源豆粕和菜粕对于大恒肉鸡的能量和氨基酸营养价值评定研究　出处：《四川农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大恒肉鸡是我国自主培育的一种肉鸡配套系。本文在研究大恒肉鸡适宜强饲量基础上,评定了不同来源豆粕和菜粕对于大恒肉鸡的代谢能和氨基酸营养价值,并评定两种原料与玉米的加性效应,为构建大恒肉鸡饲料数据库提供基础数据。试验1.大恒肉鸡适宜强饲量研究：选40只正常健康大恒肉鸡,随机分5个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1只鸡,按鸡体重分别强饲0%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%,2.5%基础饲粮,测定不同处理代谢能(AME、AMEn、TME、TMEn)、氮沉积、体重损失和能量利用率。代谢采用TME法,禁食48h,收集排泄物48h。结果表明：基础饲粮AME、AMEn、TME和TMEn均值分别为3.331、3.401、3.814和3.881kcal/g,不同处理AME和AMEn差异不显著(P0.05),TME和TMEn差异显著(P0.05)。强饲量体重2.0%,标准误最低,综合考虑体氮沉积和体重损失,强饲体重2.0%为适宜量。试验2.不同来源豆粕对于大恒肉鸡的能量和氨基酸营养价值评定：从四川省具有代表性的饲料企业收集12种豆粕,分析其营养成分；选健康的正常和去盲肠大恒肉鸡各100只,采用TME法,评定代谢能(Metabolic energy,ME)和氨基酸真利用率(True amino acid availability,TAAA)。代谢能评定：分3批代谢试验,每批48只正常鸡,分6个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1只鸡。氨基酸利用率评定：分3批代谢试验,每批36只去盲肠鸡,分6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1只鸡。结果表明：12种豆粕干物质(Dry matter, DM)、粗蛋白质(Crude protein,CP)、总能(Gross energy, GE)、中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber, NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber, ADF)、粗纤维(Crude fibre, CF)、粗脂肪(Ether extract, EE)、粗灰分的均值分别为：85.74%、52.81%、4.73kcal/g、13.61%、6.47%、6.67%、1.52%和6.63%。其中,NDF、CF和EE的变异系数(Coefficient of variation,CV)大于15%。12种豆粕氨基酸含量平均值的范围为：0.56～7.99%;CV为：6.36～10.94%；必需AA总含量为19.26%,CV为7.35%；非必需AA含量为24.66%,CV为7.10%；总AA含量均值为43.92%,CV为7.18%。其中以Pro的变异系数最大,为10.94%。12种豆粕AME、AMEn、TME和TMEn均值分别为2.993、3.091、3.058和3.122kca1/g,不同来源差异显著(P0.05)。TAAA均值范围为78.16～94.38%,不同来源差异显著(P0.05)。必需AA的TAAA均值为84.32%；非必需AA的TAAA均值为82.29%；总AA的TAAA均值为82.88%。试验3.不同来源菜粕对于大恒肉鸡的能量和氨基酸营养价值评定：从四川省具有代表性的饲料企业收集12种菜粕,分析其常规营养成分；选健康的正常和去盲肠大恒肉鸡各100只,测定ME和TAAA。代谢能评定：分3批代谢试验,每批48只正常鸡,分6个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1只鸡。氨基酸利用率评定：分3批代谢试验,每批36只去盲肠鸡,分6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1只鸡。结果表明：12种菜粕DM、CP、GE、NDF、ADF、CF、EE和Ash的均值分别为：87.67%、42.10%、4.72kcal/g、39.99%、16.13%、15.15%、2.40%和9.10%。其中,NDF、ADF、EE和Ash的CV大于15%。12种菜粕氨基酸含量平均值的范围为：0.72-6.55%；CV为：4.53～18.97%；必需AA总含量为14.39%,CV为7.25%；非必需AA含量为19.02%,CV为5.85%；总AA含量均值为33.42%,CV为6.25%。其中以Lys的变异系数最大,为18.97%。12种菜粕AME、AMEn、TME和TMEn均值为2.062、2.158、2.229和2.323kcal/g,不同来源差异显著(P0.05)。TAAA均值范围为68.37～88.92%,不同来源除Thr和Ser外,差异显著(P0.05)。必需AA的TAAA均值为70.81%；非必需AA的TAAA均值为70.43%；总AA的TAAA均值为70.45%。试验4.大恒肉鸡豆粕、菜粕和玉米能量和可利用氨基酸加性效应的研究：本试验随机选取几种豆粕和菜粕与玉米组成玉米-豆粕、玉米-菜粕、玉米-豆粕-菜粕混合饲粮,比较混合饲粮TMEn和TAAA实测值和预测值差异。代谢能评定：分3批代谢试验,每批48只正常鸡,分6个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1只鸡。氨基酸利用率评定：分3批代谢试验,每批36只去盲肠鸡,分6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1只鸡。结果表明：混合饲粮TMEn的实测值和预测值的差异不显著(P0.05);TAAA的实测值和预测值除His、Met和Cys差异较大外,其余AA具有可加性。综上所述,本试验确定以2.0%体重为大恒肉鸡代谢试验的适宜强饲量；12种不同来源豆粕或菜粕的代谢能和氨基酸真利用率差异显著；豆粕、菜粕与玉米配制饲粮的代谢能的实测值和预测值差异不显著,氨基酸的利用率实测值和预测值除His、Met和Cys外,差异不显著,表明TMEn和TAAA具有可加性。
[Abstract]:Chicken is a chicken Daheng supporting the Department of our own cultivation. Based on the study of broiler Daheng appropriate force feeding quantity based on the evaluation of different sources of soybean meal and rapeseed meal for broiler Daheng metabolizable energy and amino acid nutritional value, additive effect and evaluation of two kinds of raw materials and corn, to provide the basic data for the construction of Daheng broiler feed test database. 1. broilers Daheng appropriate force feeding quantity research: choose 40 healthy Daheng broilers, randomly divided into 5 treatments with 8 replicates of 1 birds each, according to the weight of chicken feed were 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% diet, determination of metabolizable energy (AME, different treatment AMEn, TME, TMEn), nitrogen deposition, weight loss and metabolic energy utilization. Using the method of TME, fasting 48h, collected fecal 48h. results show that the basic dietary AME, AMEn, TME and TMEn respectively for 3.331,3.401,3.814 and 3.881kcal/g, AME and A in different treatments There was no significant difference between MEn (P0.05), TME and TMEn had significant difference (P0.05). The feed weight of 2%, the lowest standard error, considering the nitrogen deposition and loss of body weight, feed weight 2% is suitable. Tests of 2. different sources of soybean meal for broiler Daheng energy and amino acid nutritional value evaluation: feed business representatives the collection of 12 kinds of soybean from Sichuan Province, analysis of the nutritional components; healthy and normal broilers each 100 CAECECTOMIZED Daheng, using TME method, evaluation of metabolizable energy (Metabolic energy, ME)'s utilization rate and the amino acid (True amino acid availability, TAAA). Assessment: 3 batches of metabolic energy metabolism test each batch of 48 normal chickens, divided into 6 treatments, 8 replicates per treatment and 1 broilers per replicate. The amino acid utilization evaluation: 3 batches of metabolic tests, each batch of 36 CAECECTOMIZED chicken, is divided into 6 treatments, with 6 replicates of 1 birds each. The results showed that 12: soybean dry matter (Dry matter, DM), crude protein (Crude protein, CP (Gross), always energy, GE), neutral detergent fiber (Neutral detergent fiber, NDF), acid detergent fiber (Acid detergent fiber ADF (Crude fibre), crude fiber, crude fat (CF). Ether extract, EE), the mean crude ash were 85.74%, 52.81%, 4.73kcal/g, 13.61%, 6.47%, 6.67%, 1.52% and 6.63%., NDF, CF and EE (coefficient of variation of Coefficient of variation, CV) range of the average value is greater than 15%.12 soybean amino acid content is 0.56 ~ 7.99%; CV from 6.36 to 10.94%; AA is required for the total content was 19.26%, CV was 7.35%; the non essential content of AA is 24.66%, CV is 7.10%; the mean content of AA is 43.92%, CV is 7.18%. with the coefficient of variation of Pro, 10.94%.12 AMEn, TME and AME of soybean meal, the mean TMEn were 2.993,3.091,3.058 and 3.122kca1/g, different the source of difference Significant.TAAA mean (P0.05) ranged from 78.16 to 94.38%, different sources had significant difference (P0.05). AA TAAA must mean 84.32%; non essential AA TAAA mean value is 82.29%; the total AA TAAA mean 82.88%. test of 3. different rapeseed meals for Daheng broiler energy and amino acid nutritional value evaluation: feed enterprises a representative collection of 12 kinds of rapeseed in Sichuan Province, analysis of the nutritional composition; healthy and normal broilers each 100 CAECECTOMIZED Daheng, determination of ME and TAAA. in 3 groups: assessment of metabolic energy metabolism test, each batch of 48 normal chickens, divided into 6 treatments, 8 replicates per treatment, each replicate 1 chickens. The amino acid utilization evaluation: 3 batches of metabolic tests, each batch of 36 CAECECTOMIZED chicken, is divided into 6 treatments, with 6 replicates of 1 birds each. The results showed that 12 kinds of CP, GE, DM meal, NDF, ADF, CF, EE and Ash respectively. The mean: 87.67% 4.72kcal/g, 42.10%, 39.99%, 16.13%, 15.15%, 2.40%, and 9.10%., NDF, ADF, EE and Ash range of CV is greater than the amino acid content of vegetables meal 15%.12 average value is 0.72-6.55%; CV: 4.53 ~ 18.97% AA is required; the total content was 14.39%, CV was 7.25%; the non essential content of 19.02% AA CV, 5.85%; the mean content of AA is 33.42%, CV is 6.25%. with the coefficient of variation of Lys, 18.97%.12 AME AMEn, TME and rapeseed, the mean value of TMEn was 2.062,2.158,2.229 and 2.323kcal/g, different sources had significant difference (P0.05).TAAA value ranges from 68.37 to 88.92%, different sources except Thr and Ser, the difference significant (P0.05). AA TAAA must mean 70.81%; non essential AA TAAA mean value is 70.43%; the total AA TAAA mean 70.45%. test of 4. broiler Daheng soybean meal, rapeseed meal and corn and energy of amino acid additive effect by using this test several randomly selected soybean meal Maize and rapeseed meal and corn soybean meal, corn meal, corn soybean meal diet mixed, mixed diets TMEn and TAAA measured and predicted differences. The metabolic energy assessment: 3 batches of metabolic tests, each batch of 48 normal chickens, divided into 6 treatments, 8 replicates per treatment and each repeat 1 chickens. The amino acid utilization evaluation: 3 batches of metabolic test, each batch of 36 CAECECTOMIZED chicken, is divided into 6 treatments, with 6 replicates of 1 birds each. The results show that the measured differences in mixed dietary TMEn value and the predicted value was not significant (P0.05); TAAA test and predicted values except His, Met and Cys difference is big, the rest of the AA additive. In summary, this test in order to determine the weight of 2% broiler metabolism test suitable for constant feed amount; 12 different sources of soybean meal or the metabolizable energy and true amino acid utilization rate of soybean meal, rapeseed meal and the difference was significant; with corn There was no significant difference between the measured and predicted values of the metabolizable energy of the diet. There was no significant difference between the measured and predicted values of amino acid utilization except His, Met and Cys, indicating that TMEn and TAAA had additivity.

【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S831.5

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