蛋鸡玉米加工副产物营养价值的评定

发布时间：2018-01-04 07:05

本文关键词：蛋鸡玉米加工副产物营养价值的评定　出处：《四川农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究的主要目的是评定四川省内养殖场和饲料企业使用的玉米加工副产物对蛋鸡的营养价值,构建蛋鸡玉米加工副产物的饲料营养价值数据库。试验分为三个部分,第一部分评定玉米加工副产物色度(L*、a*、b*)和营养成分(DM、GE、CP、EE、CF、NDF、ADF、HC、AA)。试验采集了四川省内主要饲料厂及养殖场的玉米加工副产物,共采集样品79个(玉米DDGS20个、喷浆玉米皮17个、玉米蛋白粉26个、玉米胚芽粕16个),分析所采集样品的GE、NDF及色度(L*、a,*、b*)；并根据GE、NDF的变异情况选择玉米DDGS、喷浆玉米皮、玉米蛋白粉、玉米胚芽粕各10种,进一步详细分析所选择原料的色度(L*、a*、b*)和营养成分(DM、GE、CP、EE、CF、NDF、ADF、HC、氨基酸)。第二部分评定40种玉米加工副产物的AME和AMEn,采用套算法结合全收粪法进行,选用62wk罗曼蛋鸡336只,每个处理8个重复,每个重复(笼)2只鸡。并建立以原料的营养成分为预测因子预测AMEn的预测方程。第三部分评定玉米加工副产物的氨基酸回肠末端消化率(每类原料选择5种)。采用无氮日粮法评定蛋鸡的内源氨基酸损失,用屠宰法收集回肠食糜,计算玉米加工副产物的表观回肠氨基酸消化率,用内源氨基酸损失进行校正得到蛋鸡玉米加工副产物的标准回肠氨基酸消化率。试验结果如下：1)玉米DDGS的营养成分DM、GE、CP、ash、EE、CF、ADF、NDF、HC含量分别为：88.36%(86.18～91.39%)、5049.26 kcal/kg(4272.15～5344.93 kcal/kg)、29.11%(26.33～32.83%)、6.07%(4.7～8.74%)、11.12%(2.18～17.78%)、8.84%(7.16～11.81%)、13.53%(10.79～21.49%)、37.08% (30.37～48.41%)、23.55%(19.07～27.8%);10个样品均属于蛋白质含量中等的蛋白质饲料；第一限制性氨基酸为Lys0.81%(0.64～0.98%),含量最高的EAA是Leu 2.91%(2.00～3.72%),含量最低的EAA是Met 0.46%；对蛋鸡的AME与AMEn分别为2008.2(823.59～2622.82kcal/kg DM)与1920.29 (729.21～2535.37 kcal/kg DM);玉米DDGS的TAA-SID为77.80%(72.59～82.92%),TEAA-SID为77.87%(71.96～83.02%),TNEAA-SID为77.88%(72.92～82.72%)。2)喷浆玉米皮营养成分GE、CP、ash、EE、CF、ADF、NDF、HC分别为：4509.26kcal/kg (4339.04～4738.5kcal/kg)、21.31%(17.3-24.69%)、5.67%(4.16-7.43%)、3.56%(2.54～7.02%)、9.26%(7.36～11.88%)、13.12%(11.02～16.59%)、46.68%(39.77～58.96%)、33.56% (28.75～42.37%),部分属于低蛋白含量的蛋白质饲料,部分属于能量饲料。第一限制性氨基酸为Lys 0.53% (0.4～0.7%),含量最高的EAA是Leu 1.55% (1.23～1.80%),含量最低的EAA是Met,均值为0.29%(0.23～0.35%)；对蛋鸡的AME与AMEn分别为1285.2 kcal/kg (760～1922.8 kcal/kg DM)和1199.6 kcal/kg (684.3～1833.1 kcal/kg DM); TAA-SID为79.93%(75.56～85.47%),TEAA-SID为80.93%(77.06～86.44%),TNEAA-SID为79.10%(74.35～86.44%)。3)玉米蛋白粉营养成分DM、GE、CP、ash、EE、CF、ADF、NDF、HC分别为：1.94%(90.95-93.21%)、5546.78kcal/kg (5206.68～5733.09kcal/kg)、68.28%(60.74～73.11%)、1.61%(1.21～2.47%)、2.14%(0.58～4.2%)、2.52%(1.56～3.3%)、4.31%(1.03～9.21%)、10.46%(5.63～13.99%)、6.15%(3.68～9.34%);属于高蛋白含量的蛋白质饲料原料,第一限制性氨基酸是Lys 1.15% (0.97～1.62%),含量最高的EAA是Leu 10.56% (8.24～11.79%),含量最低的EAA是Met 1.41%(1.28～1.63%)；对蛋鸡的AME与AMEn分别为3930.7 kcal/kg (3291.8 ～4882.7 kcal/kg DM)与3828.45 (3182.7～4750.4 kal/kg DM);玉米蛋白粉TAA-SIDD为83.41%(74.86～91.16%),TEAA-SID为83.65%(74.42～91.55%),TNEAA-SIDD为83.15%(75.06～90.81%)。4)玉米胚芽粕营养成分DM、GE、CP、ash、EE、CF、ADF、NDF、HC分别为4503.07kcal/kg(4252.83～4627.03 kcal/kg)、23.33%(21.17～30.5%)、4.97%(2.83～6.77%).3.32%(2.52～4.11%)、10.00%(7.66～11.83%)、13.66%(9.66～16.72%)、45-30%(34.17～52.13%)、31.64%(24.52-35.68%)。属于蛋白质含量中等的蛋白质饲料原料,第一限制性氨基酸是Met 0.31%(0.24～0.37%),含量最高的EAA是Leu1.74%(1.44～2.24%),含量最低的EAA是Met;Lys 0.87%(0.63～1.18%)；对蛋鸡的AME与AMEn分别为1614.6 kcal/kg (1086～2206.2 kcal/kg DM)和1521.8kcal/kg (999.5～2101.7 kcal/kg DM); TAA-SID为78.43%(72.56-84.97%),TEAA-SID为83.65%(72.92～86.22%),TNEAA-SID为83.15%(72.14～83.91%)。5)玉米DDGS与玉米蛋白粉的AMEn与其营养成分之间有着较强的相关关系,可以通过营养成分对AMEn进行预测。最佳预测因子是GE,最佳预测方程分别为：玉米DDGS的预测方程为：AMEn(kcal/kg)=0.74×GE(kcal/kg)-31.32×NDF(%)-110.01xash(%)(r2=0.99,P0.0001)；玉米蛋白粉的预测方程为：AMEn(kcal/kg) =3.9×GE(kcal/kg)-89.5×CP(%)-52.5×ADF(%)-11600(I2=0.85,P=0.0012)。结论：不同来源的同一种玉米加工副产物的色度、营养成分及其对蛋鸡的AME、AMEn、 SIAAD的变异很大；可以通过营养成分构建玉米DDGS与玉米蛋白粉AMEn的预测方程。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional value of corn processing by - products used by livestock farms and feed enterprises in Sichuan province , and to establish a feed nutrient value database for processing by - products of laying hens . The experiment was divided into three parts . The first part evaluated the chroma ( L * , a * , b * ) and nutrient components of corn processing by - products ( DM , GE , CP , EE , CF , NDFs , ADF , HC , AA ) . A total of 79 corn processing by - products were collected from the main forage plants and farms in Sichuan province . The samples were collected in 79 samples ( corn DDG S20 , corn bran 17 , corn protein powder 26 , corn germ meal 16 ) . The samples were analyzed by GE , NDFs and chroma ( L * , a , * , b * ) . Ten species of corn DDGS , corn bran , corn protein powder and corn germ meal were selected according to the variation of GE , and the color of selected raw materials ( L * , a * , b * ) and nutrient components ( DM , GE , CP , EE , CF , NDFs , ADF , HC , amino acids ) were further analyzed in detail . The results were as follows : 1 ) The nutrient components DM , GE , CP , ash , EE , CF , ADF , CP , ash , EE , CF , ADF , NDFs and HC in corn processing by - products were 88.36 % ( 86.18 ~ 91.39 % ) , 6.07 % ( 19.07 ~ 8.74 % ) , 11.12 % ( 72.59 ~ 82.92 % ) , TNEAA - SID 77.88 % ( 72.92 ~ 82.72 % ) , and TNEAA - SID was 77.88 % ( 72.92 ~ 82.72 % ) . The highest content of EAA is Lys 0.53 % ( 75.56 - 85.47 % ) , TNEAA - SID is 79.93 % ( 75.56 - 85.47 % ) , TNEAA - SID is 79.93 % ( 75.56 - 85.47 % ) , TNEAA - SID is 79.93 % ( 75.56 - 85.47 % ) , TNEAA - SID is 79.93 % ( 75.56 - 85.47 % ) , TNEAA - SID is 79.93 % ( 75.56 - 85.47 % ) , 10.46 % ( 5.63 - 13.99 % ) , 6.15 % ( 3.68 - 9.34 % ) , and the first limiting amino acid is Lys . The highest content of EAA was Leu 10.56 % ( 8.24 ~ 11.79 % ) , the lowest content EAA was Met 1.41 % ( 1.28 ~ 1.63 % ) , the content of TNEAA - SIDD was 83.41 % ( 74.42 ~ 91.55 % ) , TNEAA - SIDD was 83.15 % ( 74.42 ~ 91.55 % ) , TNEAA - SIDD was 83.15 % ( 74.42 ~ 91.55 % ) , the content of TNEAA - SIDD was 83.15 % ( 74.42 ~ 91.55 % ) . The prediction equation of the corn protein powder is as follows : ( kcal / kg ) = 0.74 脳 GE ( kcal / kg ) - 31.32 脳 CP ( % ) - 110.01xash ( % ) ( r2 = 0.99 , P0.0001 ) . The prediction equation of corn protein powder is : ( kcal / kg ) = 3.9 脳 GE ( kcal / kg ) - 89.5 脳 CP ( % ) - 52.5 脳 ADF ( % ) -11600 ( I2 = 0.85 , P = 0.0012 ) . Conclusion : The color and nutrient components of the same kind of corn processed by - products from different sources and their influence on the AME of the egg - laying hens and the variation of AME n and SIDA are very large , and the prediction equations of the DDGS and the corn protein powder can be constructed by the nutrient components .

【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S816

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