猪瘟与猪蓝耳病疫苗不同免疫程序对免疫效果影响的研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 08:06

本文关键词：猪瘟与猪蓝耳病疫苗不同免疫程序对免疫效果影响的研究　出处：《沈阳农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：古典型猪瘟(CSF)是一种非常严重的猪病毒性传染病,尤其会对人口较为稠密的以养猪为主的国家造成重大的经济损失。猪蓝耳病(PRRS)是迄今为止全世界各地区范围内在经济方面上造成最大负面影响的猪传染病之一,据美国相关部门统计,猪蓝耳病每年对其本土养猪业保守估计造成超过约60亿美元的经济财产损失。当机体感染这两种疾病以后,最终都会由于免疫功能彻底丧失、继发其他疫病混合感染而死。猪瘟和猪蓝耳病由于其各自特殊的致病机理而同属于免疫抑制类疾病。免疫抑制疾病的发生是造成各大养猪场免疫防控失败最不容忽视的因素之一,因此要想做好各类猪病的有效防控,控制好免疫抑制疾病的发生才是当务之急。而当前对于猪瘟和猪蓝耳病这两种免疫抑制疾病尚未形成统一、良好的免疫程序。因此针对二者摸索出一套合理、有效的免疫程序刻不容缓。本试验选取42头健康未免疫的断奶仔猪,将其中36头随机分为3组(A、B、C),每组设2个重复,另外6头作为空白对照。A组先免疫猪瘟间隔7天后免疫猪蓝耳病,B组反之,C组采取同时分点免疫。分别于免疫前以及免疫后的第10、20、30、40、50、60、70天进行前腔静脉无菌采血,分别从血液指标、料重比、体液免疫中特异性抗体的分泌水平、细胞免疫中T淋巴细胞的增殖能力以及IFN-γ的分泌水平这五个方面进行比较分析,结果如下：①血液指标结果显示A组和C组平均白细胞数和淋巴细胞比例分别极显著高于B组(p0.01)和对照组(p0.01),而其他指标各组间均无显著差异(p0.05)。②料重比结果A组最低,C组其次,B组最高。③特异性抗体的ELISA试剂盒检测结果显示A组猪瘟抗体平均阻断率在免疫后第70天左右达到峰值并极显著高于B组(p0.01)、C组(p0.01)和对照组(p0.01),实验组中B组最低(p0.01)；三个实验组猪蓝耳病抗体平均S/P值均呈上升趋势,在免疫后第40天左右达到峰值,之后走势趋于平稳,实验组免疫前后差异均极显著(p0.01),但组间差异不显著(p0.05),对照组无趋势变化。④T淋巴细胞增值能力结果显示A组平均刺激指数在免疫后第40天左右达到峰值并极显著高于B组(p0.01)、C组(p0.01)和对照组(p0.01),实验组中B组最低(p0.01)。⑤IFN-γ分泌水平结果显示A组平均IFN-γ浓度在免疫后第30天左右达到峰值并极显著高于B组(p0.01)和对照组(p0.01),与C组差异不显著(p0.05)综上所述,不论是从血液指标,还是从料重比、体液免疫水平以及细胞免疫水平上来看,均可以得出一致结论,即先免疫猪瘟,间隔7天后再免疫猪蓝耳病的免疫效果较好,此结论为将来制定猪瘟、猪蓝耳病合理有效的免疫程序提供了一定的理论依据。
[Abstract]:Classical swine fever (CSF) is a very serious swine viral disease. In particular, significant economic losses will be caused to more densely populated countries where pig breeding is the main source of disease. Pig Blue ear Disease (PRRSs). So far, it is one of the most economically negative swine infectious diseases in all regions of the world. According to relevant departments in the United States, blue ear disease causes an estimated economic loss of more than $6 billion a year to the local pig industry, when the body becomes infected with the two diseases. Will eventually be completely lost to immune function. Swine fever and pig blue ear disease belong to immunosuppressive disease because of their special pathogenic mechanism. The occurrence of immunosuppressive disease is the most important cause of the failure of immune prevention and control in pig farms. One of the factors of neglect. Therefore, in order to effectively prevent and control all kinds of swine diseases, it is urgent to control the occurrence of immunosuppressive diseases. At present, the two immunosuppressive diseases, swine fever and pig blue ear disease, are not yet unified. Therefore, it is urgent to find out a set of reasonable and effective immunization procedures for the two groups. In this study, 42 healthy unimmunized weaned piglets were selected and 36 of them were randomly divided into 3 groups. Each group was divided into 2 replicates and the other 6 were used as blank control. Group A was immunized with swine fever at intervals of 7 days and then immunized with swine blue ear disease (group B). Group C was immunized at the same time, and the blood samples were collected from the anterior vena cava at day 102030, 4050 and 6070, respectively, according to the blood index and the ratio of feed to weight. The secretion level of specific antibody in humoral immunity, the proliferative ability of T lymphocytes in cellular immunity and the secretion level of IFN- 纬 were compared and analyzed. Results the average leukocyte count and lymphocyte percentage in group A and C were significantly higher than those in group B (p0.01) and control group (p0.01). However, there was no significant difference in other indexes among the groups. The results showed that the ratio of feed to weight of group A was the lowest and that of group C was the second. The results of ELISA kit of the highest specific antibody in group B showed that the average blocking rate of swine fever antibody in group A reached a peak value about 70 days after immunization and was significantly higher than that in group B (p0.01). Group C (P 0.01) and control group (P 0.01), group B was the lowest (P 0.01); The average S- P value of the three experimental groups showed an increasing trend, reached the peak at the 40th day after immunization, and then tended to be stable. The differences between the experimental groups before and after immunization were very significant (p0.01). But there was no significant difference between groups (p0.05). The results showed that the average stimulation index of group A reached its peak value about 40 days after immunization and was significantly higher than that of group B (p0.01). Group C (p0.01) and control group (p0.01). The results showed that the average IFN- 纬 concentration of group A reached its peak on the 30th day after immunization and was significantly higher than that of group B (p0.01). And control group (p0.01). Compared with group C, there was no significant difference (p0.05). In conclusion, the same conclusion can be drawn from the blood index, the ratio of feed to weight, the level of humoral immunity and the level of cellular immunity. The immune effect of swine fever was better than that of swine blue ear disease after 7 days' interval. This conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the formulation of reasonable and effective immunization procedures for swine fever and swine blue ear disease in the future.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.28

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