毛乌素沙地生态承载力研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 17:23

本文关键词：毛乌素沙地生态承载力研究　出处：《草原与草业》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本研究基于乌审旗卫星遥感判读草地类型,将毛乌素沙地草原分为荒漠草原,典型草原,低湿地草甸草原3大草地类型。利用卫星遥感与实地测算相结合的方法测定2011-2015年乌审旗草地生产力,引入家畜调整因子与饲草调整因子计算乌审旗2015年全年以及季节性草畜平衡状态。旨在评价毛乌素沙地草原的畜牧业生产潜力,为毛乌素沙地草原的利用方式、程度提供科学合理的建议。结果显示,乌审旗草原2011-2015年草地初级生产力为419.7kg/hm~2、389.3kg/hm~2、398.3kg/hm~2、388.2kg/hm~2、447.3kg/hm~2。通过2014年和2015年7月底乌审旗野外生物量调查结果可知乌审旗2014年、2015年实测草地初级生产力为344kg/hm~2,388.2kg/hm~2。2011-2015年乌审旗草地面积为68-71万hm~2。家畜数量为100-130万SU。2015年乌审旗可利用草地的草地初级生产力为447.3kg/hm~2,全年可产牧草18万T,理论家畜承载力为25万SU。乌审旗全年实际家畜数量117.4万SU,家畜数量超载近82万SU。家畜饲草需求缺口为61.5万T。乌审旗全年草畜处于不平衡状态。一年中,1-6月草畜不平衡,在1-4月为严重缺饲草期,7-12月,乌审旗草原提供牧草产量可完全满足家畜饲草需求量。
[Abstract]:Based on the remote sensing interpretation of grassland types, the grassland of Maowusu sandy land is divided into desert steppe and typical steppe. Three grassland types of low wetland meadow grassland were used to measure the grassland productivity of Wushenqi from 2011 to 2015 by the method of combining satellite remote sensing with field measurement. In order to evaluate the potential of animal husbandry production in Maowusu sandy land, the balance of livestock and livestock was calculated by introducing the adjustment factors of livestock and forage grass in Wushenqi in 2015. The results showed that the primary productivity of grassland in Wushenqi grassland from 2011-2015 was 419.7 kg / hm ~ 2 路h ~ (-1) 路h ~ (-1) 路h ~ (-1) 路h ~ (-1) 路h ~ (-1) 路h ~ (-1). 389.3 kg / hmg 2398.3kg / hmmc2hmc2hmrhmc2. Through the field biomass survey of Wuheng flag on 2014 and July 2015, we can know that Wushenqi is 2014. In 2015, the measured primary productivity of grassland was 344kg / hm ~ (2). The grassland area of Wusheng Banner from 2011 to 2015 was 68 to 71 million hmms.Livestock numbers ranged from 1 to 1.3 million SU.2015 per year. The primary productivity of grassland was 447.3 kg / hm ~ (-2). The annual yield of forage is 180,000 T.The theoretical bearing capacity of livestock is 250,000 Su. The actual number of livestock in Wuheng Banner is one million one hundred and seventy-four thousand Su. The demand gap of livestock forage grass is 615,000 T. the annual grass stock in Wuheng Banner is in an unbalanced state and the grass and livestock is unbalanced in January and June of one year. From January to April, the period of severe forage shortage was July-December, and the pasture yield in Wushenqi grassland could meet the demand of livestock forage completely.
【作者单位】：阿拉善盟林业治沙研究所;内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院;
【分类号】：S812
【正文快照】： 毛乌素沙地位于鄂尔多斯高原的南部和黄土高原的北部区域,自然区划属于温带干旱和半干旱区,面积大约4×104km2〔1〕。乌审旗位于毛乌素沙地中心区域。上世纪80年代后,乌审旗草原出现过渡放牧,草地不合理利用等众多生态问题,引起乌审旗草原不同程度的退化〔2〕。近年来,随着封

【相似文献】