母猪电子群养系统和个体限位栏系统繁殖性能及动物福利水平对比分析

发布时间：2018-01-22 20:58

本文关键词： 母猪电子群养系统限位栏系统繁殖性能经济成本动物福利　出处：《畜牧兽医学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本研究旨在调查两种妊娠母猪养殖模式——母猪电子群养(Electronic sow feeding,ESF)系统和个体限位栏系统(Individual stall system)对母猪繁殖性能、福利水平(行为表达和伤痕、眼鼻分泌物发生率)和断奶仔猪成本的影响。研究选用了兼有ESF群养系统和限位栏系统的两家养猪场各100头、60头、120头妊娠母猪,比较了同一猪场内两种系统母猪的繁殖性能、行为指标、伤痕和眼鼻分泌物发生情况,并核算了各自的断奶仔猪成本。结果表明:在繁殖性能方面,母猪电子群养系统和个体限位栏系统的母猪年耗料、妊娠天数、每窝产活仔数、每窝断奶仔猪数和年产胎次无显著差异(P0.05),但母猪电子群养系统中断奶仔猪体重显著升高(P0.05),表明两种系统繁殖性能相近,且母猪电子群养系统更有利于哺乳仔猪的生长。在福利水平方面,母猪电子群养系统中妊娠母猪的站立、躺卧、空口咀嚼、咬栏、排尿、饮水行为发生次数以及生殖器伤痕和眼鼻分泌物发生率显著下降(P0.05),睡觉、争斗、发声、采食和排便行为发生次数以及体表伤痕发生率显著升高(P0.05),表明母猪电子群养系统中妊娠母猪大多数福利指标优于个体限位栏系统,而争斗、发声、体外伤痕的显著升高主要是因为在电子群养系统中母猪之间的接触机会增多所致。在断奶仔猪成本方面,母猪电子群养系统的水电费分摊成本和猪舍及设备折旧分摊成本显著升高(P0.05),工资分摊成本显著下降(P0.05),导致断奶仔猪总成本无显著差异(P0.05)。由此表明,母猪电子群养系统和个体限位栏系统的繁殖性能和断奶仔猪总成本差异不大,但前者动物福利水平有显著改善。母猪电子群养系统可以有效节约人工成本,但对饲养和管理人员的责任心和技术水平有较高要求。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate two breeding modes of gestational sows electronic sow feeding. ESFs and individual stall system for sow reproductive performance, welfare level (behavior expression and scar). The effects of the incidence of eye and nasal secretions) and the cost of weaning piglets. Two farms with ESF system and limit system were used in this study. One hundred and sixty pregnant sows were selected from each of the two farms. The reproductive performance, behavioral index, scar and eye nose secretion of the two sows in the same pig farm were compared, and the cost of weaning piglets were calculated. The results showed that: 1. There was no significant difference in annual feed consumption, gestation days, number of live piglets per litter, number of weaned piglets per litter and annual birth times of sows in the electronic herd and individual limit system (P0.05). However, the weaning piglets were significantly increased in body weight in the electronic group raising system of sows, which indicated that the reproductive performance of the two systems was similar, and the electronic group raising system of sows was more favorable to the growth of suckling piglets. The standing, lying, chewing, biting hurdle, urination, drinking water behavior and the incidence of genital scar and eye nasal secretion of pregnant sows in the electronic group of sows decreased significantly (P 0.05). The incidences of fighting, vocalizing, feeding and defecation, and the incidence of body surface scar were significantly increased (P 0.05), which indicated that most of the welfare indexes of pregnant sows were better than those of individual limit system in the electronic herd raising system of sows. The significant increase in fighting, vocal and external injuries was mainly due to increased contact opportunities between sows in the electronic herd system, and in the cost of weaning piglets. The allocation cost of water and electricity and depreciation of pig house and equipment in sows electronic herd raising system increased significantly (P 0.05), and the cost of wage allocation decreased significantly (P 0.05). As a result, there was no significant difference in total cost of weaning piglets (P0.05), which indicated that the reproductive performance and total cost of weaning piglets were not significantly different between the electronic group raising system and the individual limit system. But the animal welfare level of the former was improved significantly, and the electronic herd raising system of sows could save the labor cost effectively, but the responsibility and technical level of the raising and management staff were higher.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：世界动物保护协会和国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD39B0202)
【分类号】：S828
【正文快照】： 智能化母猪群养系统(Electronic Sow FeedingSystem)主要由电子饲喂系统、智能化分离模块、母猪智能化发情鉴定模块3部分组成,其核心是电脑信息处理终端储存有母猪胎次、膘情、妊娠天数等数据,电子饲喂系统信号感应能通过母猪的电子耳号识别母猪身份,根据之前存储的胎次、膘情

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