鸡胴体表面污染物在线检测及处理设备的设计与开发

发布时间：2018-01-26 04:35

本文关键词： 食品安全表面污物检测污物处理喷淋系统　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着生活品质的提高以及消费者对食品安全意识的不断增强,消费者对鸡肉食品安全问题越来越关注。在实际屠宰加工过程中,由于生产规模、生产速度、屠宰加工方式、屠宰加工机械等的影响,鸡胴体经过一次清洗后,部分鸡胴体的表面污物清洗不净,存在严重的食品安全隐患。目前,在屠宰加工过程中,对于这些部分鸡胴体的表面污染,大多企业对所有鸡胴体采用二次清洗方式进行污物处理,这不仅造成水资源的浪费而且还造成了很大的经济损失。因此,设计开发了一种用于鸡胴体表面污物在线检测及处理的设备,通过该设备对一次清洗后的鸡胴体进行表面污物的实时检测、实时污物处理,对于提高鸡肉食品安全,降低成本,有效解决资源浪费,增加经济效益具有重要意义。根据设备需达到的总体设计原则、工作性能、检测精度以及现场工况等,设计开发了鸡胴体表面污物检测及处理设备,并能够应用于鸡肉屠宰加工企业中鸡胴体表面污染物的检测及处理工作。主要研究内容如下:1、根据现场工况以及生产规模,对鸡胴体表面污染物在线检测及处理设备进行了总体设计,主要包括设计流程的设计,总体设计方案的分析,设计布局的整体规划,为利用SolidWorks建立鸡胴体表面污染物在线检测及处理设备的模型提供理论基拙。2、以总体设计为理论依据,设计出了一套鸡胴体表面污染物在线检测及处理设备。根据检测设备、鸡胴体表面污物处理设备设计方案,利用SolidWorks建立了利于其实际工作,提高检测及处理精度的设备机械模型,详细论述整个系统框架的设计原理、技术选型及实现方法,对设备总箱体的设计进行概述介绍以及ANSYS力学分析。3、运用Fluent软件,确定了喷淋系统中喷头的最佳喷射角度,为实际安装喷头提供了一个参考值。利用Fluent软件,模拟分析喷淋系统中喷头在不同角度下的喷射状态,绘制出了不同喷射角度下的水流相的分布图,结果表明:当α25°时,中心水流束只能覆盖到鸡胴体的上部分,而下部分则不能被冲洗到;当α40°时,只有一小部分水流束冲洗到鸡胴体的下部,而大部分水流则直接喷射到鸡胴体以外的区域;而当30°α35°时,中心水流束能喷到鸡胴体的中心位置,是理想的冲洗角度。4、设计出一套喷淋系统中水箱水量自动控制系统。应用PLC控制程序,对喷淋系统中工作介质的来源——水箱进行了自动进水、停水设计,实现设备的一体化、自动化。5、在上述设计的基础上,将设备实际开发应用到实际屠宰加工过程中,并通过试验验证了设备的实际应用效果。本文设计的鸡胴体表面污物在线检测及处理设备操作简单方便,检测及处理效果符合工况要求,能够满足设计要求,可以有效地降低生产成本、提高生产效率与质量。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of quality of life and the increasing awareness of food safety, consumers pay more and more attention to chicken food safety. In the process of actual slaughtering and processing, due to the scale of production, production speed. Slaughtering and processing methods, slaughtering processing machinery, carcass after one cleaning, some carcass surface dirt cleaning is not clean, there are serious food safety risks. At present, in the slaughtering process. For these parts of chicken carcass surface pollution, most of the enterprises to all chicken carcass using secondary cleaning for sewage treatment, which not only caused a waste of water resources, but also caused a great economic loss. A kind of equipment for on-line detection and treatment of carcass carcass surface dirt was designed and developed. The real-time detection and treatment of carcass surface dirt after a single cleaning was carried out by the equipment. It is of great significance to improve the safety of chicken food, reduce the cost, effectively solve the waste of resources and increase economic benefits. According to the general design principles, working performance, detection accuracy and site operating conditions of the equipment, etc. The equipment for the detection and treatment of carcass surface contamination was designed and developed, and it can be applied to the detection and treatment of chicken carcass surface contamination in chicken slaughtering and processing enterprises. The main research contents are as follows: 1. According to the field conditions and production scale, the overall design of on-line detection and treatment equipment for carcass surface contaminants was carried out, mainly including the design process design, the analysis of the overall design scheme. The overall layout planning provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of a model of on-line detection and treatment equipment for carcass surface contaminants using SolidWorks, which is based on the overall design. A set of on-line detection and treatment equipment for carcass surface contamination was designed. In this paper, an equipment mechanical model is established by using SolidWorks to improve the testing and processing accuracy. The design principle, technology selection and implementation method of the whole system framework are discussed in detail. The design of the main box of the equipment is introduced briefly and the mechanical analysis of ANSYS. 3. The optimum spray angle of the spray head in the spray system is determined by using the Fluent software. A reference value is provided for the actual installation of sprinklers. By using Fluent software, the spray states of sprinklers at different angles in the spray system are simulated and analyzed, and the distribution diagram of the flow phases at different injection angles is drawn. The results showed that when 伪 25 掳, the central flow bundle could only cover the upper part of the carcass, but the lower part could not be washed out. When 伪 40 掳, only a small portion of the flow bundle flushed to the lower part of the carcass of the chicken, while most of the water was sprayed directly to the area outside the carcass of the chicken. At 30 掳伪 35 掳, the central water flow bundle can be sprayed to the center position of the chicken carcass, which is the ideal washing angle. A water tank water automatic control system in the spray system is designed, and the PLC control program is used. The water tank, which is the source of the working medium in the spray system, is designed automatically to enter water and stop water, to realize the integration of the equipment, and to automate .5. on the basis of the above design. The actual development of the equipment was applied to the actual slaughtering process, and the practical application effect of the equipment was verified by experiments. The on-line detection and treatment of carcass surface dirt in this paper is simple and convenient. The test and treatment results meet the requirements of working conditions, meet the design requirements, can effectively reduce production costs and improve production efficiency and quality.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831;S817

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