包被微量元素在生长育肥猪中的应用效果研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 13:57

  本文关键词： 包被微量元素 育成猪 后备猪 育肥猪　出处：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：微量元素作为必须的营养要素之一,直接或间接地参与着动物机体所有的生理生化过程。包被微量元素具备防结块、防拮抗、提高微量元素利用率等优点,目前没有广泛地在饲料添加剂中使用,值得在猪生产中展开应用研究。因此,本试验旨在研究饲粮中使用包被微量元素添加剂在生长育肥猪中的应用效果,为包被微量元素在生长育肥猪上的应用提供科学依据。试验一按日龄、体重基本一致的原则,随机选取80头体重约为25 kg的种用大白(Large White,LW)母猪,研究饲粮中添加包被微量元素对育成猪及后备猪生长性能、血清抗氧化指标和肠道微生物的影响。试验结果如下:1)极显著提升了育成猪及后备猪平均日采食量(P0.01),极显著提升了育成猪平均日增重(P0.01),显著提升了后备猪平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低了育成猪及后备猪料重比(P0.05);2)显著提升了育成猪血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P0.05),极显著提升了血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(P0.01)和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.01),显著提升了后备猪谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性(P0.05);3)极显著降低了育成猪肠道大肠杆菌数量(P0.01),提升了肠道内乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量(P0.01),显著降低了后备猪肠道内大肠杆菌数量(P0.05)。对育成猪及后备猪乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量有提升趋势差异均不显著(P0.05)。说明:饲粮中添加包被微量元素可提升饲粮的适口性和育成猪及后备猪的生长性能,提升育成猪的抗氧化能力,对育成猪及后备猪肠道的微生态平衡有一定的调节作用。试验二按日龄、体重基本一致的原则,随机选取80头体重约为25 kg的杜洛克x大白二元(Duroc x Large White,DY)母猪,研究饲粮中添加包被微量元素对育成及育肥猪生长性能,血清及猪肉微量元素含量,屠宰性能和肉质指标的影响。试验结果如下:1)极显著提升了育成猪和育肥猪平均日采食量(P0.01),极显著提升了育成猪日增重(P0.01);2)显著提升了育成猪血清铜、Fe、Mn、Zn、Se含量(P0.05),显著提升了育肥猪血清Fe、Se含量(P0.05);3)显著提升了猪肉Fe、Mn含量(P0.05),显著降低了猪肉Se含量(P0.05);4)极显著提升了屠宰率、胴体长、眼肌面积(P0.01),极显著降低了背膘厚(P0.01);5)显著降低了猪肉滴水损失、剪切力(P0.05),显著提升了肌内脂肪(P0.05)。试验印证了饲粮中添加包被微量元素可提升饲粮的适口性和育成及育肥猪的生长性能,且说明:饲粮中添加包被微量元素可提升育成猪及育肥猪对某些微量元素的利用率,提升育肥猪的屠宰性能,有益于猪肉保存和提升猪肉嫩度。综上所述,推荐在生长育肥猪饲粮中使用包被微量元素添加剂。
[Abstract]:As one of the essential nutrition elements, trace elements directly or indirectly participate in all physiological and biochemical processes of animal body. Coated trace elements have the advantages of preventing caking, preventing antagonism and improving the utilization rate of trace elements. At present, it is not widely used in feed additives, which is worth to be applied in pig production. Therefore, the purpose of this experiment is to study the application effect of dietary microelement additive in growing and fattening pigs. To provide scientific basis for the application of coated trace elements in growing and fattening pigs. A total of 80 white large large LW sows weighing about 25 kg were randomly selected to study the growth performance of adult pigs and reserve pigs fed with microelements. The effect of serum antioxidant index and intestinal microorganism. The results were as follows: 1) significantly increased the average daily feed intake (P0.01) of adult pigs and reserve pigs. The average daily gain (ADG) of adult pigs was significantly increased, the average daily gain (ADG) of back-up pigs was significantly increased (P0.05), and the ratio of feed to feed weight (FW) was significantly decreased. 2) the total antioxidant capacity of serum was significantly increased (P0.05). The activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly increased (P 0.01). The activity of glutathione peroxidase (Glutathione peroxidase) was significantly increased (P0.05). 3) the number of Escherichia coli was significantly decreased and the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the intestine was increased significantly (P0.01). The number of Escherichia coli in the intestinal tract of swine was significantly decreased (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in breeding pigs and in backup pigs (P 0.05). Conclusion: adding trace elements in diet can improve the palatability of diet and the growth performance of adult pigs and reserve pigs. Improving the antioxidant capacity of adult pigs has a certain regulatory effect on the intestinal microecological balance of adult pigs and backup pigs. The second test is based on the principle of day age and body weight. A total of 80 Duroc x Large White DY sows weighing about 25 kg were randomly selected. To study the effects of coated trace elements on growth performance, serum and pork microelement contents in finishing and fattening pigs. The effect of slaughter performance and meat quality index. The results were as follows: (1) the average daily feed intake (P0.01N) and daily daily gain (P0.01g) of adult and fattening pigs were significantly increased. 2) the content of Cu (Fe) mn (Zn) (se) in serum and the content of Fe (Fe) se in serum of fattening pigs were significantly increased (P 0.05N) and P 0.05N (P 0.05) respectively, and the content of Fe (Fe) se in the serum of fattening pigs was significantly increased. 3) the content of Fe and mn in pork was increased significantly, and the content of se in pork was decreased significantly. 4) the carcass length, the eye muscle area and the backfat thickness were significantly increased, the carcass length, the eye muscle area and the backfat thickness were significantly decreased. 5) the drop loss of pork was significantly reduced, and the shear stress was 0.05). The results showed that dietary microelements could improve the palatability of diet and the growth performance of fattening pigs. It is also explained that adding coated trace elements in the diet can improve the utilization rate of some trace elements in breeding pigs and fattening pigs, improve the slaughtering performance of fattening pigs, and be beneficial to the preservation and tenderness of pork. It is recommended that microelement additives should be used in the diet of growing and fattening pigs.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S828.5
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本文编号：1470961