丁酸钠缓解黄羽肉鸡高密饲养应激影响的研究
发布时间:2018-02-01 13:18
本文关键词: 黄羽肉鸡 丁酸钠 饲养密度 生长性能 肠道形态 福利评价 出处:《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:饲养密度影响肉鸡的生长性能和福利水平,如果过高会导致家禽应激、机体营养代谢增加、生长发育受阻以及产生各种福利问题,给家禽业带来严重的经济损失。研究证实在肉鸡饲粮中添加丁酸钠,能够促进其肠道发育,改善肉鸡生长性能,但其是否可以缓解肉鸡高密度饲养应激还有待研究。本试验研究了在饲粮中添加丁酸钠对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、抗氧化功能和肠道形态及黏膜生长相关基因表达量的影响,同时研究了饲养密度对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、抗氧化功能和福利状况的影响,最后研究了丁酸钠对高密度饲养下黄羽肉鸡的生长性能、免疫器官指数及福利状况的影响,探讨丁酸钠是否可以提高肉鸡生长性能和福利状况,缓解肉鸡高密度应激。解决这些问题可以为丁酸钠的科学使用和黄羽肉鸡健康养殖模式研究提供理论依据。本研究分为以下三个部分:1。丁酸钠对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和肠道形态的影响本试验选用384只1日龄体重无显著差异的苏禽黄鸡(公雏),随机分成2组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加500 mg/kg微囊丁酸钠,每组6个重复,每个重复32只鸡,试验期为21天。结果显示,饲粮中添加丁酸钠能显著降低黄羽肉鸡料肉比(F/G)和死亡率(P0.05),试验组平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于对照组(P0.05),平均日增重(ADG)两组差异不显著;试验组肉鸡胸腺指数有高于对照组的趋势(P=0.05);试验组肉鸡血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性有高于对照组的趋势(P=0.05);试验组十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验组十二指肠和空肠V/C值显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验组十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P0.05);试验组空肠黏膜中GHR基因的表达量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。由此可以得出结论,饲粮中添加丁酸钠可以降低肉鸡死亡率;并且促进肉鸡免疫器官生长发育,提高肉鸡抗氧化能力。还可以显著改善肉鸡肠道形态结构,并且能够提高空肠GHR基因的表达量,调控肠道生长发育。2.饲养密度对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和福利状况的影响试验选用252只21日龄苏禽黄鸡(公雏),随机分成2组,高饲养密度组(HSD)和低饲养密度组(LSD),每组6个重复。HSD组每个重复28只鸡(饲养密度为20只/m2),LSD组每个重复14只鸡(饲养密度为10只/m2)。试验期为35天。结果显示,HSD组ADG和ADFI显著低于LSD组(P0.05),HSD组死亡率显著高于LSD组(P0.05),HSD组F/G有高于LSD组的趋势(P=0.05);HSD组脾脏和法氏囊指数显著低于LSD组(P0.05);HSD的羽毛污浊、羽毛损伤、脚垫炎、肘关节肿大、胸部皮肤结痂和胸囊肿积液评分都显著高于LSD组(P0.05)。由此可以得出结论,饲养密度过高会降低肉鸡的生长性能,并且对肉鸡免疫器官的生长发育带来不利影响,同时还会损害肉鸡福利状况。3.丁酸钠对高密度饲养下黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数和福利状况的影响本试验选用336只21日龄苏禽黄鸡(公雏),随机分成2组,对照组(HC,饲喂基础日粮)和丁酸钠组(HB,饲喂基础日粮加500 mg/kg微囊丁酸钠),每组6个重复,每个重复28只鸡,饲养密度为20只/m2,试验期为35天。结果显示,HB组黄羽肉鸡死亡率显著低于HC组(P0.05),HB组ADG显著低于HC组(P0.05),ADFI显著低于HC组(P0.05),两组料重比无显著差异;HB组的羽毛污浊、肘关节肿大评分显著低于HC组。由此可以得出结论,饲粮中添加丁酸钠可以改善高密度饲养下黄羽肉鸡的羽毛污浊和肘关节肿大等不良福利状况(P0.05)。通过以上的三个试验可以得出的结论是丁酸钠可以促进黄羽肉鸡早期肠道发育,降低肉鸡死亡率;饲养密度过高会对黄羽肉鸡生长性能和福利状况产生不利影响,而添加丁酸钠则可以缓解这种不良影响。
[Abstract]:The feeding density influence the growth performance of Broilers and the welfare level, if too high will lead to nutritional stress in poultry, increase metabolism, growth retardation and produce a variety of welfare problems, caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry. The study confirmed that adding sodium butyrate in broiler diet, can promote intestinal development, improve the growth performance of broilers, but its whether can alleviate the high density broiler feeding stress remain to be studied. This paper studied adding sodium butyrate on growth performance of broilers in the Huang Yu diet, immune organ index, antioxidant function and intestinal mucosal morphology and growth related gene expression, also studied the breeding density on the growth performance of Huang Yu broiler, immune organ index, influence the antioxidant function and welfare, and finally studies the growth performance of sodium butyrate on high density feeding yellow feather broiler, immune organ index and Fu Influence of profit situation, investigate whether sodium butyrate could improve the growth performance and welfare of broiler broiler, alleviate the high density stress. To solve these problems can provide a theoretical basis for the scientific use of sodium butyrate and Huang Yu broiler healthy cultivation mode research. This research is divided into the following three parts: 1. sodium butyrate on growth performance of broiler Huang Yu, Su this experiment selects 384 yellow bird only 1 day weight had no significant difference between the influence of immune function and intestinal morphology (male chicks), were randomly divided into 2 groups, the control group was fed basal diet, test group add 500 mg/ kg sodium butyrate in the basal diet, with 6 replicates of 32 birds per replicate. The trial period was 21 days. The results showed that adding sodium butyrate in diet can significantly reduce the yellow feather broiler feed meat ratio (F/G) and mortality (P0.05), the test group average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05), average daily gain (ADG) two There were no significant differences; broiler thymus index in experimental group is higher than the control group (P=0.05); experimental group on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher than the control group (P=0.05); the experimental group of duodenal villi was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05), the experimental group V/C value of duodenum and jejunum higher than that of the control group (P0.05), the test group and the duodenal crypt depth of jejunum was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05); GHR gene expression in the jejunal mucosa in experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). It can be concluded that the addition of sodium butyrate in the diet can reduce the mortality of broilers; and promote the growth and development of immune organs in broilers. To improve the antioxidant ability of broilers. Can also significantly improve the morphology of broilers, and can improve the expression of GHR gene in the jejunum, stocking density on growth and development of.2. regulation of intestinal Huang Yurou 楦$敓闀挎,
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