体外发酵技术研究秸秆粗饲料营养价值及降解特性

发布时间：2018-02-11 06:42

本文关键词： 粗饲料体外发酵动态营养特性降解率　出处：《畜牧与兽医》2016年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了探究粗纤维饲料对反刍动物的营养特性,本试验研究了2种农作物秸秆(稻秸,麦秸)的发酵特性和动态降解率。试验分3组(稻秸组,麦秸组,混合组:50%稻秸+50%麦秸),采用瘤胃体外发酵技术,测定粗饲料的发酵参数变化。结果表明:三种粗饲料累计产气量和干物质(DM)降解率均随时间延长而增加,产气和DM降解主要集中在12~48 h。发酵12 h时,麦秸组和混合组累计产气量显著高于稻秸组(P0.05),麦秸组和混合组差异不显著。发酵24 h时,麦秸组累计产气量显著高于稻秸组和混合组(P0.05),稻秸组和混合组差异不显著。发酵36~72 h时,累计产气量均呈现麦秸组混合组稻秸组(P0.05)。发酵24 h时,稻秸组干物质降解率、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)降解率、发酵液中氨态氮(NH4-N)浓度均显著高于麦秸组和混合组(P0.05),乙酸浓度显著高于麦秸组(P0.05),而菌体蛋白(MCP)浓度呈现麦秸组混合组稻秸组(P0.05)。发酵48 h时,麦秸组乙酸浓度与酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)降解率均显著高于稻秸组和混合组(P0.05)。发酵72 h时,麦秸组ADF降解率显著高于混合组和稻秸组(P0.05)。结果提示,禾本科粗饲料在瘤胃内降解规律基本一致,主要发生在12~48 h,稻秸DM、NDF、ADF降解高峰期要早于麦秸及二者混合,稻秸的营养价值略高于麦秸。
[Abstract]:In order to study the nutritional characteristics of crude fiber feed on ruminants, the fermentation characteristics and dynamic degradation rate of two kinds of crop straw (rice straw and wheat straw) were studied. The experiment was divided into three groups (rice straw group, wheat straw group). The fermentation parameters of crude feed were determined by rumen fermentation in vitro. The results showed that the cumulative gas production and the degradation rate of dry matter were increased with the prolongation of time. Gas production and DM degradation were mainly concentrated at 1248 h. After 12 h fermentation, the cumulative gas production of wheat straw group and mixed group was significantly higher than that of rice straw group (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference between wheat straw group and mixed group. At 24 h fermentation, the total gas production of wheat straw group and mixed group was significantly higher than that of rice straw group. The accumulative gas production of wheat straw group was significantly higher than that of rice straw group and mixture group (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference between rice straw group and mixed group. After 36 ~ 72 h fermentation, the accumulative gas production of wheat straw group was P0.05N. At 24 h fermentation, the dry matter degradation rate of rice straw group was higher than that of wheat straw group. The degradation rate of NDFand NH _ 4-N in fermentation broth were significantly higher than those in wheat straw group and mixed group, the concentration of acetic acid was significantly higher than that of wheat straw group, and the concentration of mycelium protein was higher than that of wheat straw group, while the concentration of mycelium protein was as follows: wheat straw group, rice straw group, and wheat straw group, respectively. After 48 h fermentation, the concentration of acetic acid was significantly higher than that of wheat straw group (P 0.05), and the concentration of mycelia protein was higher than that of wheat straw group. The concentration of acetic acid and the degradation rate of acid detergent fiber in wheat straw group were significantly higher than those in rice straw group and mixed group. The ADF degradation rate of wheat straw group was significantly higher than that of mixed group and rice straw group after 72 h fermentation. The results indicated that the degradation rate of ADF in wheat straw group was significantly higher than that in mixed group and rice straw group. The degradation of forage in the rumen was basically the same, mainly occurred at 124h. The peak period of degradation of rice straw DMNDFN ADF was earlier than that of wheat straw and its mixture, and the nutritive value of rice straw was slightly higher than that of wheat straw.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学消化道微生物研究室;江苏省消化道营养与动物健康重点实验室;
【基金】：国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(201410307033) 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20141372)
【分类号】：S816.5

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