新疆褐牛生长性状及相关基因的关联分析

发布时间：2018-02-14 16:28

本文关键词： 新疆褐牛公牛荷斯坦公牛生长性状日增重 PPARγ基因 MYF5基因 AGPAT5基因　出处：《宁夏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究选择新疆褐牛(54头)、中国荷斯坦公牛(15头)、新疆褐牛去势牛(30头)为试验材料进行生长性状(日增重、体尺)对比分析;同时对肌肉调节因子5(MYF5)、过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体基因(PPARγ)及磷酸甘油酰基转移酶(AGPAT)3个基因遗传多态与生长性状进行关联分析,所得结果如下:(1)通过对三组试验牛体尺的比较研究发现,荷斯坦公牛的胸围、胸宽均小于同月龄的新疆褐牛公牛,而十字部高高于新疆褐牛公牛。新疆褐牛去势牛的主要体尺数据均低于同月龄的新疆褐牛公牛。在饲养过程中14月龄之前三组试验牛日增重曲线较相似,14月龄之后荷斯坦公牛的日增重上升,而新疆褐牛公牛和行将和牛去势牛的日增重在下降。组内体尺比较发现除胸围和体长外,胸宽对体重及日增重有极显著影响。(2)测序及RFLP试验发现,PPARγ、MYF5及AGPAT三个基因在不同位点共有10处多态位点。SNP1(PPARγ基因外显子7的G74T突变)的AB基因型与胸围、体重和日增重显著相关;SNP2(PPARγ基因内含子2的G133C、C170T突变)的AB基因型与体长、胸围、体重及日增重极显著相关。SNP3(MYF5基因外显子1的T236C突变)的AB基因型与体长、胸围显著相关。SNP4(MYF5基因内含子1的A633G突变)的AA基因型与胸宽显著相关。SNP5(AGPAT5基因内含子3的G501C、G515T和G550T突变)的AB和AA基因型与体长、胸围胸宽、体重以及日增重显著相关。SNP6(AGPAT5基因外显子7的G72A、A97G突变)的AA和AB基因型与胸围、胸宽、体重和日增重显著相关。6个SNPs位点的多态性分析发现符合哈代温伯格平衡定律并且属于中度多态的只有SNP2和SNP5。SNP2位点的AB基因型个体的体长、胸围以及体重、日增重都显著高于AA和BB基因型个体(P0.05)。SNP5位点的AB和AA基因型个体的体长、胸围、胸宽以及体重、日增重显著高于BB基因型个体(P0.05)。(3)基因组型分析发现PPARγ-exon7(74)-intron2(133、170)基因中GCC基因组型的个体为优势基因组型个体。MYF5-exonl(236)-intronl(633)基因的CG基因组型的个体为优势基因组型个体。AGPAT5-exon7(72、97)-intron3(501、515、550)基因的GTGGG基因组型个体为优势基因组型个体。上述结果对后续新疆褐牛公牛的选育及基因组选择提供了依据。
[Abstract]:In this study, 54 Xinjiang brown cattle, 15 Chinese Holstein bulls and 30 ovariectomized Xinjiang brown cattle were selected for comparative analysis of growth traits (daily gain, body size). At the same time, the genetic polymorphisms of myF5, PPAR 纬 and AGPAT3 were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) by comparing the body measurements of the three groups of oxen, it was found that the chest circumference and chest width of Holstein bulls were smaller than those of Xinjiang brown oxen of the same age. The main body size data of Xinjiang brown cattle castrated cattle were lower than that of Xinjiang brown cattle of the same age. The daily gain curve of the three groups of cattle before 14 months of age was similar to that of 14 months old. The daily gain of the Holstein bulls rose, However, the daily gain of Xinjiang brown bull and upcoming and ovariectomized cattle decreased. In addition to chest circumference and body length, There were significant effects of chest width on body weight and daily gain.) sequencing and RFLP test showed that there were 10 G74T mutations in exon 7 of PPAR- 纬 MYF5 and AGPAT at different loci) (AB genotype and chest circumference). There was significant correlation between body weight and daily gain (AB genotype and body length of G133CfC170T mutation in intron 2 of SNP2PPAR 纬 gene), chest circumference, body weight and daily gain (ADG) of AB genotype and body length of SNP2MYF5 gene exon 1 (T236C mutation). The AA genotype of SNP4MYF5 gene intron 1 (A633G mutation) was significantly correlated with the breast width of SNP5AGPAT5 gene intron 3 (G501CG515T and G550T mutation), the AB and AA genotypes and body length, chest width, and chest width of SNP4MYF5 gene intron 1), and the A633G mutation in intron 1 of SNP4MYF5 gene were significantly correlated with the breast width. Body weight and daily gain were significantly associated with AA and AB genotypes and chest circumference and chest width in exon 7 of the SNP6 AGPAT5 gene. There was significant correlation between body weight and daily gain. Polymorphic analysis of 6 SNPs loci showed that only SNP2 and SNP5.SNP2 genotype AB individuals with moderate polymorphism were found to be in accordance with Hardy Weinberg's equilibrium law, including body length, chest circumference and body weight. Daily gain was significantly higher than the body length, chest circumference, chest width and body weight of AB and AA genotypes at P0.05 and SNP5 loci of AA and BB genotypes. Daily gain was significantly higher than that of BB genotypes (P0.05N. Y3) Genomic pattern Analysis found that the GTGGG gene of PPAR 纬 -exon7n7O74, intron2133n170) gene was the dominant genome-type individual. MYF5-exonlonl236- intronlene (633) gene was the dominant genome-type individual. AGPAT5-exon7O772O997 -intron3501r-intron3501n515550) gene was found to be the GTGGG gene of the genome type of CG-genome-type of GCC 纬 -exon7on 774, intron3501r-intron515550). The results provided a basis for the selection and selection of the genome of Xinjiang Brown cattle bull.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S823

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