胃肠道黏液层中Akkermansia muciniphila的定殖及其与宿主的相互作用

发布时间：2018-02-21 06:46

本文关键词： 黏液层黏蛋白 Akkermansia muciniphila 肠道微生物　出处：《中国农业科学》2016年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：动物胃肠道中定殖着数量巨大的肠道微生物,影响宿主动物的代谢和发育。肠道微生物在营养物质交换、信息传递和抵抗病原微生物入侵方面均发挥着重要的作用。依据定殖部位,可以分成黏液层微生物和肠腔内微生物,Akkermansia muciniphila偏好地定殖于肠道黏液层,对机体活动影响广泛。在肠道中,Akkermansia muciniphila可以特异地降解黏蛋白和低聚糖,分别产生短链脂肪酸和丙酸,在为宿主提供能量的同时也促进了自身的定殖。而与此同时,机体黏蛋白的降解会促使宿主补偿产生更多的黏蛋白,进而降低宿主蛋白的沉积。Akkermansia muciniphila的定殖还可减缓脂肪沉积,延缓糖尿病。在肠道微生态系统中,该菌群并没有严重的致病性,适宜丰度的Akkermansia muciniphila定殖可以促进宿主免疫系统的发育,进而促进肠道健康。随着更多科学研究的展开,胃肠道微生物在机体中的重要性得到呈现。作为目前国内外的研究热点,Akkermansia muciniphila在机体肠道内的作用机制尚未完全明确。本文从Akkermansia muciniphila的定殖环境、生理特性、对机体营养代谢的影响、与代谢性疾病及机体免疫相互作用等方面进行了综述,Akkermansia muciniphila为很有潜力的生物标记,应用于营养状态、代谢性疾病、免疫甚至癌症的评估和检测。
[Abstract]:The colonization of large numbers of intestinal microbes in the gastrointestinal tract of animals, which affects the metabolism and development of host animals. According to the colonization site, it can be divided into mucous layer microbes and intestinal microorganism Akkermansia muciniphila, which preferentially colonize intestinal mucus layer. In intestinal tract, Akkermansia muciniphila can specifically degrade mucin and oligosaccharide, producing short chain fatty acids and propionic acid, which not only provide energy for host but also promote colonization. Degradation of mucin in the body causes the host to compensate for the production of more mucins, which in turn reduces the deposition of host proteins. Akkermansia muciniphila colonization also slows down fat deposition and delays diabetes. Akkermansia muciniphila colonization with suitable abundance can promote the development of host immune system and promote intestinal health. The importance of gastrointestinal microorganism in organism has been shown. The mechanism of the action of Akkermansia muciniphila in the intestinal tract has not been completely clarified as a hot research topic at home and abroad. In this paper, the colonization environment and physiological characteristics of Akkermansia muciniphila were studied. The effects of Akkermansia muciniphila on nutritional metabolism, metabolic diseases and immune interactions were reviewed. Akkermansia muciniphila was used as a potential biomarker for the evaluation and detection of nutritional status, metabolic diseases, immunity and even cancer.
【作者单位】：中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所畜禽健康养殖研究中心/中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室/湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心;湖南农业大学动物科技学院;
【基金】：农业部“948”项目(2015Z74) 中国科学院STS项目(KFJ-SW-STS-173)
【分类号】：S852.6

【相似文献】