不同水稻品种混作养鸭对土壤养分动态的影响

发布时间：2018-02-25 01:09

本文关键词： 鸭稻共作水稻品种混作土壤养分动态稻米品质　出处：《中国生态农业学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：鸭稻共作和水稻混种均可产生良好的生态效应,但能否将两项技术结合起来,即通过不同水稻品种混种与稻田养鸭的叠加,进而产生"1+12"的生态效应和生产效益,是一项值得加以实践和探讨的课题。为探明多品种水稻混作养鸭这类复合生物多样性利用模式的应用可行性,本试验设置了水稻单作常规种植(施药施肥)、水稻单作养鸭、水稻单作空白对照(不养鸭不施肥药)、水稻品种混作常规种植(施药施肥)、水稻品种混作养鸭和水稻品种混作空白对照(不养鸭不施肥药)6种种植模式开展田间试验,研究不同水稻品种混作养鸭对土壤养分动态和稻米品质的影响。结果表明:种植双季稻后,水稻品种混作养鸭处理下土壤有机质含量显著高于其他种植模式。早晚季水稻生长期间水稻品种混作养鸭处理的土壤全氮含量低于水稻品种混作常规种植处理,但均显著高于其他处理;水稻品种混作养鸭处理的土壤碱解氮含量较其他处理显著提高。各处理土壤速效磷含量以水稻单作空白对照处理的最高,总体上,混作处理比单作处理平均土壤速效磷含量高。种植双季稻后,水稻品种混作养鸭种植模式的土壤全钾和速效钾含量均高于其他处理。水稻品种混作养鸭处理的稻米出糙率、精米率、直链淀粉含量和胶稠度较其他处理高,且垩白粒率较其他处理低。综合表明,水稻品种混作养鸭模式更有利于改善田间土壤养分状况,提高稻米的品质,故此模式可为优质健康稻米生产提供新途径。
[Abstract]:Duck-rice co-cropping and rice hybrid can produce good ecological effects, but can we combine the two techniques, that is, the combination of different rice varieties and rice breeding duck, and then produce the ecological effect and production benefit of "112". In order to find out the feasibility of the application of multiple biodiversity utilization models such as mixed cropping of rice and duck, this experiment has set up the conventional cultivation of rice monoculture (applying pesticide and fertilizing fertilizer, raising duck by rice alone). Field experiments were carried out on six cropping models of rice single cropping blank control (no duck, no fertilizer application, rice variety mixed cropping and conventional planting), rice variety mixed cropping duck and rice variety mixed blank control (no duck, no fertilizer, no fertilizer). The effects of mixed cultivation of different rice varieties on soil nutrient dynamics and rice quality were studied. The content of soil organic matter was significantly higher than that of other cropping modes under mixed cropping and duck cultivation, and the total nitrogen content of rice mixed with duck was lower than that of rice mixed cropping during the period of rice growing in the morning and evening. But it was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and the soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content of mixed cropping and duck raising treatments was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and the soil available phosphorus content of each treatment was the highest in the control treatment of rice single cropping, and the total content of available phosphorus was the highest in all the treatments. The soil available phosphorus content of mixed cropping treatment was higher than that of single cropping treatment, and the soil total potassium and available potassium content of mixed cropping duck cultivation model were higher than that of other treatments after the cultivation of double cropping rice, and the rice roughness rate of rice mixed cropping and duck raising treatment was higher than that of other treatments. The ratio of milled rice, amylose content and gel consistency were higher than those of other treatments, and the chalkiness rate was lower than other treatments. Therefore, the model can provide a new way for high quality and healthy rice production.
【作者单位】：华南农业大学资源环境学院;广东省现代生态农业与循环农业工程技术研究中心;农业部华南热带农业环境重点开放实验室;广东省农业科学院水稻研究所;
【基金】：广东省科技计划项目(2015B090903077,2016A020210094) 广州市科技计划项目(201604020062) 广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2016LM1100)资助~~
【分类号】：S511;S834

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