帕米尔高原植物区系及草地资源图编制的初步研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 08:06

本文关键词： 帕米尔高原种子植物区系地理草地资源　出处：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：帕米尔高原横跨中国、塔吉克斯坦、阿富汗中亚三国,作为丝绸之路东西往来交流的必经之路,其战略意义可想而知。另一方面,其特殊的地理位置和气候特征使之形成了丰富的高原生态系统,也决定了其植物区系种类的复杂多样性。本文以位于中国新疆境内的东帕米尔和位于塔吉克斯坦境内的西帕米尔为研究对象,采用收集资料为主结合数学统计的方法,对东西帕米尔高原的植物区系组成成分及科属的地理组成成分进行分析,并尝试用草地资源分类的方法对东西帕米尔高原的草地资源进行分类并编制草地资源类型图。主要得出以下结果:1.东帕米尔高原种子植物共54科274属846种,西帕米尔高原种子植物共79科491属2429多种。2.科级水平上,两区基本一致,都以世界广布为主,其次是温带分布;而东亚(热带、亚热带)及热带南美间断分布只有西帕米尔区域有马鞭草科Verbenaceae一科。属级水平上,除了热带亚洲至热带非洲分布,西帕米尔地区几乎囊括了所有的分布区类型。东西帕米尔属的区系组成是以北温带为主的温带成分占主导。西帕米尔高原区与热带成分有一定的联系。东帕米尔区还有一个中国特有属。3.依据草地资源分类方法得出:帕米尔高原有草地资源类15个,草地资源型39个。
[Abstract]:The Pamir Plateau straddles China, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan. As the only way for the Silk Road to travel and exchange between East and West, its strategic significance can be imagined. On the other hand, Its special geographical location and climatic characteristics make it a rich plateau ecosystem, It also determines the complex diversity of floristic species. In this paper, the eastern Pamirs located in Xinjiang, China and the western Pamirs in Tajikistan are taken as the research objects, and the methods of collecting data and combining mathematical statistics are adopted. The floristic composition and geographical composition of families and genera in the eastern and western Pamirs were analyzed. The grassland resources of eastern and western Pamirs were classified by the method of grassland resources classification and the map of grassland resources types was compiled. The following results were obtained: 1. There are 846 species of seed plants belonging to 274 genera and 54 families in East Pamirs Plateau. There are 79 families, 491 genera and 2429 species of seed plants in the West Pamir Plateau. At the level of family level, the two regions are basically the same. They are mainly distributed in the world, followed by the temperate zone. Subtropical) and tropical South America discontinuous distribution only in the western Pamir region has a Verbenaceae family. At the generic level, except tropical Asia to tropical Africa, The flora composition of the genus East-West Pamirs is dominated by the temperate elements of the north temperate zone, while the West Pamir Plateau is related to the tropical elements to some extent. According to the classification method of grassland resources, there are 15 species of grassland resources in Pamir Plateau. There are 39 grassland resource types.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S812

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