哺乳母猪体重损失对繁殖性能的影响及其机制的初步研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 10:14

本文关键词： 哺乳母猪体重损失血液生化激素水平繁殖性能　出处：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文主要是研究美系大白母猪在泌乳期不同程度体重损失下对繁殖性能的影响,同时研究哺乳母猪体内激素水平的变化规律,探讨哺乳母猪体重损失对繁殖性能影响的相关机制,以期为提高种猪生产管理水平和繁殖性能提供理论基础。(1)根据40头哺乳母猪体重损失程度分4个组,分别是体增重组D(体重增重比0～5%,n=8头)、轻度体重损失组L(体重损失比0～5%,n=12头)、中度体重损失组M(体重损失比5%～10%,n=11头)、高度体重损失组H(体重损失比10%以上,n=9头)。对繁殖性能指标进行统计分析,研究结果发现：本胎次方面,体重损失与背膘损耗呈一定的正相关性：断奶活仔率和断奶活仔数均随着体重损失程度增加呈降低趋势,D组断奶活仔率显著高于H组(P0.05)；各组间断奶活仔数无显著差异(P0.05),但有降低趋势；当体重损失小于10%范围内,仔猪日增重、断奶仔重和断奶窝重随体重损失程度增加而有所增加,当体重损失大于10%时则降低。哺乳期各组间仔猪日增重差异不显著(P0.05)；D和L组断奶仔猪重显著低于M组(P0.05)；L和M组断奶窝重显著大于D和H组(P0.05)。下一胎次方面,哺乳母猪体重损失程度增加可延长断奶-发情间隔(WEI),及降低7天内发情率和受胎率。初生仔数、初生活仔率和初生窝重方面均随体重损失程度增加呈降低趋势,各组间初生仔数和初生窝重无显著差异(P0.05), D和L组初生活仔率显著高于M和H组(P0.05)。以上结果表明：哺乳母猪体重损失小于5%时繁殖性能较好,在5%-10%范围会有所降低,当大于10%时繁殖性能较差。(2)在分娩前三天、产后一周和断奶时三个时间点对试验母猪空腹采血,测定血清生化指标、代谢激素和生殖激素的水平变化。研究结果发现：哺乳母猪各体重损失组在分娩前血清各激素浓度水平较接近,无显著性差异(P0.05),但从分娩前到产后一周再到断奶时呈现不同的升降变化：生化指标方面：血清Glu和FFA水平均先降后升。哺乳母猪体重损失程度大则断奶时：Glu浓度低,回升幅度小,D组浓度显著高于H组(P0.05)；FFA浓度高,回升幅度大,但各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。代谢激素方面：血清Insulin水平先升后降,Leptin水平先降后升,而GH和IGF-I水平均一直下降。乳母猪体重损失程度大则断奶时：血清Insulin和IGF-I浓度低,下降幅度大；Leptin浓度低,回升幅度小；GH浓度高,下降幅度小。断奶时D与L组血清Lepin和IGF-I浓度均显著高于H组(P0.05),D组血清Insulin浓度显著高于H组(P0.05),而各组间GH无显著差异(P0.05)。生殖激素方面：血清FSH、E2和P4水平均先降后升,而LH水平则一直升高。哺乳母猪体重损失程度大则断奶时：血清FSH、LH和E2浓度低,回升幅度小；P4浓度高,回升幅度大。断奶时各组间P4浓度无显著差异(P0.05), D与L组血清FSH、LH和E2浓度均显著高于H组(P0.05)。以上结果表明：随着哺乳母猪体重损失程度增大,断奶时促卵泡素、促黄体素、雌激素和孕激素等生殖激素的分泌和释放受影响,这将影响卵泡的生长发育,使母猪的繁殖性能受影响。而随着哺乳母猪体重损失程度增大,断奶时血清中血糖、胰岛素、瘦素和类胰岛素生长因子-I浓度会逐渐降低,而游离脂肪酸和生长激素浓度则逐渐升高,这些激素的变化规律是否对生殖激素的分泌和释放有间接或直接的影响还有待进一步的研究。
[Abstract]:This paper is mainly studied the United States Department of Large White Sows during lactation on reproductive performance in different degrees of weight loss, changes and research level of lactation hormones, mechanism of effect of lactation weight loss on reproductive performance, in order to improve the management level for pig production and reproduction performance and provide a theoretical basis. (1) according to the degree of weight loss of 40 sows were divided into 4 groups, respectively is the increase of recombinant D (weight gain ratio from 0 to 5%, n=8), group L (mild weight loss weight loss ratio of 0 to 5%, n=12), moderate weight loss group (weight loss ratio of 5% ~ M 10%, n=11 head), group H (height weight loss weight loss of more than 10%, n=9 head). On the reproductive performance indicators for statistical analysis, the results showed that: the parity, body weight loss was positively correlated with backfat loss: weaned litter rate and weaning litters with Weight loss degree decreased, group D weaned litter was significantly higher than that of H group (P0.05); there were no significant difference between the number of live piglets weaned (P0.05), but decreased; when the weight loss is less than 10% within the range of weight gain of piglets, weaned weight and weaning weight with weight loss to increase the degree of increase, when the weight loss is greater than 10% is lower. Lactation piglets daily gain was not significantly different (P0.05); D group and L group were weaned piglets weight was significantly lower than that of M group (P0.05); L M group and weaning weight were significantly higher than that of D and H group (P0.05). The next parity hand, lactation weight loss increased can prolong weaning to estrus interval (WEI), and reduce the estrus rate and pregnancy rate within 7 days. The number of newborn, early life and birth offspring rate decreased weight with weight loss increased, the number of newborn pups and litter weight had no significant difference between groups (P0.05), D and L group at the beginning of life offspring was significantly higher than M and H group (P0.05). The above results show that better reproductive performance of lactating sow weight loss is less than 5%, it will decrease in the range of 5%-10%, when the poor performance of reproduction is greater than 10%. (2) in the three days before delivery, postpartum a week and weaned at three a time to sow fasting blood test, serum biochemical indexes, metabolic hormone and reproductive hormone levels. The results showed that: the weight loss of lactating sows serum before delivery of each hormone concentration level is close to that of no significant difference (P0.05), but from the birth to postpartum a week before weaning to the changes of different biochemical indexes: serum Glu and FFA levels were decreased first and then increased. The degree of weight loss during lactation is at weaning: the concentration of Glu is low, the recovery rate is small, the D group was significantly higher than that of H group (P0.05); high concentration of FFA, increase , but there was no significant difference between the groups (P0.05). The metabolism of hormones: the level of serum Insulin decreased, Leptin levels rise after the first drop, while GH and IGF-I have been decreased. The average water loss is nurse pig weight at weaning: serum Insulin and IGF-I concentration is low, greatly reduced; the concentration of Leptin is low, the recovery rate is small; the high concentration of GH, a small decrease of D and L groups at weaning. Serum Lepin and IGF-I concentrations were significantly higher than those in group H (P0.05), the concentration of serum Insulin in D group was significantly higher than that of H group (P0.05), but no significant difference between the groups of GH (P0.05). The reproductive hormone: serum FSH, E2 and the level of P4 were first decreased and then increased, while the level of LH was increased. The weight loss of lactating sows is weaned: serum FSH, LH and E2 concentration is low, the recovery rate is small; the high concentration of P4, the recovery rate of weaning among groups. The concentration of P4 had no significant difference (P0.05), D and L group serum FSH, LH and E2 concentration Were significantly higher than H group (P0.05). The above results showed that the weight loss increased with lactation, weaning follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, reproductive hormones such as estrogen and progesterone secretion and release affected, which will affect the growth of follicles, the reproductive performance of sows and suckling sows with affected. The weight loss increased at weaning in serum glucose, insulin, leptin and insulin-like growth factor -I concentration will be gradually reduced, and free fatty acids and growth hormone concentration increased. The changes of these hormones on reproductive hormone secretion and release of further research on the influence of indirect or direct needs.

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828

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