增温和增氮对荒漠草原土壤可培养真菌群落结构和多样性的影响

发布时间：2018-03-05 14:34

本文选题：荒漠草原　切入点：短花针茅　出处：《草业科学》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了探讨气候变化对荒漠草原土壤真菌群落结构和多样性的影响,进而更有效地管理草原,在内蒙古短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原进行远红外线辐射器模拟增温和人工施肥模拟增氮试验。经过6年的连续模拟试验后,采用稀释平板涂布法结合18SrRNA分子鉴定技术,对试验地土壤可培养真菌群落的组成和多样性进行分析。结果表明,1)从内蒙古短花针茅荒漠草原土壤中共分离获得17个属的可培养真菌;2)模拟增氮不增温、增温增氮处理均使可培养真菌的菌落数显著增加(P0.05),分别由不增氮不增温的菌落数6.70×105 CFU·g~(-1)升高到1.45×106和1.92×106 CFU·g~(-1),但二者间差异不显著(P0.05);3)增氮不增温、增温增氮处理的群落组成和优势属发生了改变,在增氮不增温处理中的优势菌属为镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、交链孢霉属(Alternaria)和假裸囊菌属(Pseudogymnoascus);增温增氮处理的优势菌属为青霉属(Penicillium)和曲霉属(Aspergillus)、镰刀菌属、交链孢霉属和Chromocleista;4)与其它两个处理相比,增氮不增温处理显著提高了荒漠草原可培养真菌的物种丰富度、均匀度和多样性。增温增氮对群落内物种丰富度、均匀度和多样性均没有显著影响。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the effects of climate change on the structure and diversity of soil fungal communities in desert steppe, In Inner Mongolia Stipa breviflora desert steppe, the experiments of simulated temperature increase by far infrared radiator and simulated nitrogen increase by artificial fertilization were carried out. After 6 years of continuous simulation experiments, dilution plate coating method and 18s rRNA molecular identification technique were used. The composition and diversity of culturable fungal communities in the soil of the experimental plot were analyzed. The results showed that 1) 17 genera of culturable fungi were isolated from the desert steppe of Stipa breviflora in Inner Mongolia. The colony number of cultured fungi increased significantly from 6.70 脳 10 ~ 5 CFU 路g ~ (-1) to 1.45 脳 10 ~ 6 CFU 路g ~ (-1) and 1.92 脳 10 ~ 6 CFU 路GG ~ (-1) respectively, but the difference between them was not significant (P0.053). The community composition and dominant genus of the treatment were changed. The dominant bacteria in nitrogen treatment were Fusarium, Alternaria and Pseudogymnoascusa, and Penicillium and Aspergillus, Fusarium and Chromocleista4), compared with the other two treatments, the dominant bacteria for nitrogen treatment were Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria and Chromocleista4), respectively, compared with the other two treatments, the dominant bacteria for nitrogen treatment were Penicillium and Aspergillus, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria and Chromocleista4). The species richness, evenness and diversity of culturable fungi in desert steppe were significantly increased by non-warming treatment, but the species richness, evenness and diversity in the community were not significantly affected by the warming and nitrogen treatment.
【作者单位】：天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室;天津师范大学生命科学学院;内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31500365;31100330;31270502) 天津市自然科学基金资助项目(2JCYBJC19700) 天津市科技支撑资助项目(15ZCZDSF00410)
【分类号】：S812.2

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