植物乳杆菌培养物对肉鸡的饲喂效果

发布时间：2018-03-10 02:37

  本文选题：肉鸡　切入点：植物乳杆菌培养物　出处：《吉林农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为比较研究灭活植物乳杆菌发酵培养物、植物乳杆菌活菌发酵培养物分别对正常饲养肉鸡和E.coli O78攻毒肉鸡的生长性能、血液生化指标、免疫功能、肠道形态以及肠道菌群的影响,并为灭活植物乳杆菌培养物微生态制剂的研制及其在家禽中的应用提供理论依据,本试验采用2(E.coli O78攻毒和未攻毒)×4(四种日粮处理)全因子试验设计,横向比较并探讨灭活植物乳杆菌培养物作为生长促进剂以及疾病治疗剂的可能性。将240只AA肉鸡随机分为8个组,每组3个重复,每组10只鸡,在正常和E.coli O78攻毒条件下分别饲喂基础日粮(Ⅰ组、攻毒Ⅰ组)、1.6‰灭活植物乳杆菌培养物日粮(Ⅱ组、攻毒Ⅱ组)、1.6‰植物乳杆菌活菌及其培养物日粮(Ⅲ组、攻毒Ⅲ组)、0.1‰抗生素日粮(Ⅳ组、攻毒Ⅳ组),试验期42d,分为前期(1-21d)和后期(22-42d)。试验结果如下:1、灭活植物乳杆菌培养物在攻毒及未攻毒试验中均不同程度地改善了鸡的生产性能,显著地提高了后期鸡的日增重(P0.05),降低了鸡的料肉比,且灭活植物乳杆菌培养物对生长性能的改善效果同植物乳杆菌活菌发酵培养物相当,优于抗生素。2、灭活植物乳杆菌培养物能够改善肉鸡血液生化指标,修复攻毒肉鸡的组织器官损伤,降低攻毒及未攻毒肉鸡血清尿素氮水平,提高未攻毒肉鸡血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性,促进蛋白质在体内的代谢与吸收,从而提高肉鸡的生长速度;与攻毒对照组相比,植物乳杆菌培养物可显著提高肉鸡血清白蛋白(ALB)含量(P0.05),AST和ALT的活性均有所降低。3、在免疫功能方面,灭活植物乳杆菌培养物能够提高肉鸡的免疫功能,与Ⅰ组相比肉鸡的胸腺指数、IgA显著提高(P0.05),植物乳杆菌活菌组与Ⅰ组相比可以显著提高IL-2的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05),两组虽不同程度提高IL-2和IFN-γ的mRNA相对表达量,但与Ⅰ组相比差异不显著(P0.05)。肉鸡攻毒后,灭活植物乳杆菌培养物与植物乳杆菌活菌培养物均显著降低攻毒肉鸡胸腺指数、血清IgA浓度以及回肠黏膜中IL-2和IFN-γ的mRNA相对表达量(P0.05)。添加因素和攻毒因素的互作效应对胸腺指数和IgA浓度具有显著影响(P0.05)。4、灭活植物乳杆菌培养物与植物乳杆菌活菌均显著提高肉鸡和攻毒肉鸡的十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度(P0.05)。灭活植物乳杆菌培养物组DGGE指纹图谱条带数较多,为35条,高于Ⅰ组,表明菌的种类增加。攻毒使条带数减少,攻毒Ⅰ组的条带数仅有27条,攻毒Ⅱ组和攻毒Ⅳ组的条带数明显增加。Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组同Ⅰ组的相似系数分别为48.1%、66.3%、54.4%,攻毒Ⅱ组、攻毒Ⅲ组和攻毒Ⅳ组同攻毒Ⅰ组的相似系数分别为57.5%、59.2%、53.5%,Ⅱ组与Ⅰ组的相似系数较低,表明菌群种类差别较大。综上,灭活植物乳杆菌培养物在攻毒及未攻毒试验中均不同程度地提高了鸡的生产性能,改善部分血液生化指标,调节肉鸡免疫功能,改变抗体的分泌和细胞因子的表达,反映出其一定的抗炎性,同时,植物乳杆菌培养物可以显著提高肉鸡小肠绒毛高度,对肉鸡盲肠菌群多样性具有一定的影响。整体上比较,灭活植物乳杆菌培养物和植物乳杆菌活菌培养物二者对肉鸡饲喂效果相当,且均优于抗生素。
[Abstract]:A comparative study of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation culture, live cultures respectively on the growth performance of Broilers and normal E.coli O78 of broilers infected with the bacteria fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum, blood biochemical index, immune function, intestinal microflora and morphology of intestinal tract, and inactivated plant lactobacillus cultures provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of micro ecological preparation and its application in poultry, this experiment adopts 2 (E.coli O78 attack and not challenged) * 4 (four dietary treatments) full factorial experimental design, and comparison of inactivated Lactobacillus cultures as a growth promoter and possibility of disease treatment agent 240. Only AA broilers were randomly divided into 8 groups, with 3 replications per group, 10 chickens in each group, and E.coli infection of O78 in normal conditions were fed basal diet (group I, group I challenged), 1.6 per thousand inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum culture diet (Group II, group II Attack) 1.. 6 per thousand live bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and culture diet (Group III, III challenged group), 0.1 per thousand antibioticdiet (IV group, infection group IV), test 42d, divided into early (1-21d) and late (22-42d). The results are as follows: 1. The inactivation of Lactobacillus plantarum the culture of inoculation, and no challenge test were in different degree to improve the production performance of chickens, and significantly improve the late chicken weight gain (P0.05), lower than chicken feed and meat, and inactivated Lactobacillus cultures on growth performance improvement with plant lactobacillus fermentation the culture is better than the antibiotic.2, inactivated Lactobacillus cultures can improve the blood biochemical index of broilers, tissue and organ damage repair of broilers infected with the virus attack, reduce and not challenged broiler serum urea nitrogen level, improve not challenged serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to promote the activity of the protein in vivo Metabolism and absorption, so as to improve the growth rate of broilers; compared with controlgroup, Lactobacillus cultures can significantly increase the serum albumin (ALB) content (P0.05), the activity of both AST and ALT decreased in.3, immune function, inactivated Lactobacillus cultures can improve the immune function of broilers compared with group I, broiler thymus index, IgA significantly increased (P0.05), plant lactobacillus group and compared group I can significantly improve the IL-2 relative expression of mRNA (P0.05), the two group were improved in different degrees of IL-2 and IFN- gamma mRNA expression, but compared with group I were not significant (P0.05). Broilers challenged, inactivated Lactobacillus cultures and plant lactobacillus cultures significantly decreased thymus index of broilers infected, the concentration of serum IgA and IL-2 and IFN- gamma ileal mucosa of mRNA relative expression (P0.05). Add factors and attack 姣掑洜绱犵殑浜掍綔鏁堝簲瀵硅兏鑵烘寚鏁板拰IgA娴撳害鍏锋湁鏄捐憲褰卞搷(P0.05).4,鐏�娲绘�嶇墿涔虫潌鑿屽煿鍏荤墿涓庢�嶇墿涔虫潌鑿屾椿鑿屽潎鏄捐憲鎻愰珮鑲夐浮鍜屾敾姣掕倝楦＄殑鍗佷簩鎸囪偅�

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