黄羽鸡GHR缺失突变检测和生长曲线拟合及屠宰性能测定

发布时间：2018-03-23 18:01

  本文选题：黄羽鸡　切入点：GHR　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国地方鸡品种多以黄羽鸡为主,因其肉质味美嫩滑,深受广大消费者的喜爱,近年来在国内市场占有率逐年增加。国内很多育种单位通过导入矮小型品种鸡血统与我国地方品种鸡杂交,培育出新的品种(系),这些新品种(系)通常具有基础代谢率低、耗料量少、节约空间、适应性和抗应激强等优点。目前,对矮小鸡的研究,多集中于杂交模式和矮小基因的挖掘,而很少有在我国地方黄羽鸡种鸡中进行矮小基因筛查及相关的生产性能比较研究。本文采用PCR结合测序方法,对矮小黄羽鸡GHR基因缺失位点进行了检测;用Logistic、Von Bertalanffy和Gompertz三种非线性生长模型对矮小黄羽鸡0～12周龄体重变化进行了拟合;对10周龄矮小黄羽公鸡进行了屠宰性能测定。主要结果如下:1.矮小黄羽鸡的GHR基因与正常鸡相比缺失1772bp,以GenBank:AC188373.3为参照缺失起始位点为216276→218047,GHR蛋白在胞内区缺失了25个高度保守的氨基酸。2.Logistic、Gompertz、Von Bertalanffy三种曲线均能较好拟合矮小黄羽鸡的体重增长过程,拟合度(R2)均在0.99以上,Gompertz模型拟合效果最佳(R20.994),Gompertz模型拟合的矮小公母鸡的拐点周龄分别为6.091周和5.297周,拐点体重分别为396.120g和278.952g,极限体重分别为1076.767g和758.271g,公母鸡的曲线方程分别为Y=1076.767e-3.381exp(-0.2000t)和Y=758.271e-3 090exp(-0.213t)。3.矮小公鸡的屠体率、半净膛率、翅膀率、胸肌率、腿肌率、均低于正常公鸡,除屠体率外其他均未达到显著水平(P0.05),矮小公鸡的全净膛率高于正常公鸡,但也未达到显著水平(P0.05)。矮小公鸡的10周龄屠宰率和全净膛率分别都超过了 80%和60%。总之,对矮小黄羽鸡进行生长曲线拟合分析,可以在动态地了解矮小黄羽鸡生长过程和预测生长趋势的基础上,纠正饲养管理中的失误,加快育种进程,通过屠宰性能测定可以衡量其产肉性能。
[Abstract]:Most of the local chicken breeds in our country are yellow feather chicken, because of its delicious and smooth meat, it is loved by the vast number of consumers. In recent years, the domestic market share has increased year by year. Many breeding units in China have bred new breeds (lines) by introducing dwarf breeds of chicken lineage and crossing with local breeds in China. These new varieties (lines) usually have low basal metabolic rate. At present, the research on the dwarf chicken is focused on the hybridization pattern and the excavation of the dwarf gene, so far, there are many advantages such as low fuel consumption, space saving, adaptability and stress resistance. In this paper, PCR combined with sequencing method was used to detect the deletion sites of GHR gene in the local yellow feather chickens in China. Three kinds of nonlinear growth models, Logistic-Von Bertalanffy and Gompertz, were used to fit the weight changes of 12 week old yellow chicken. The slaughter performance of 10-week-old dwarf yellow feather cock was determined. The main results are as follows: 1.The GHR gene of the dwarf yellow chicken is 1772bpcompared with that of the normal chicken, and the starting site of the deletion is 216276 using GenBank:AC188373.3 as the reference point. 鈫，

本文编号：1654559