内蒙古典型草原土壤及其水文过程对灌丛化的响应

发布时间：2018-03-25 02:32

本文选题：土壤养分　切入点：土壤水分　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：基于野外观测和室内试验相结合的方法,研究了内蒙古典型草原小叶锦鸡儿灌丛化过程对土壤和土壤水文过程的影响,旨在为干旱半干旱区环境保护和恢复提供理论基础。结果表明,斑块尺度上,灌丛斑块土壤有机质和全氮含量分别是草地斑块的1.54倍和1.16倍;灌丛斑块平均沙粒、粉粒和粘粒含量是草地斑块的0.87倍、1.34倍和1.35倍;灌丛斑块土壤容重是草地斑块的0.97倍;灌丛斑块钙积层上表面出现深度是草地斑块的1.27倍。地形等自然条件也是形成土壤异质性的重要因子,坡面尺度上,灌丛和草地斑块土壤有机质、全氮、土壤容重、土壤钙积层上表面出现深度呈自坡顶向坡下方向增加的趋势。染色示踪实验表明,灌丛斑块土壤剖面湿润锋和土壤水分入渗速率分别是草地斑块的1.36倍和5.16倍,草地斑块0~10cm土层对水分的响应较敏感,而灌丛斑块25 cm以下土层对水分的响应较敏感。研究认为,灌丛化过程增强了土壤空间异质性,灌丛斑块能将土壤水分快速输送并存储于深层土壤中,灌丛斑块是土壤养分和水分富集区,灌木植物的定居和发展过程与土壤形态之间形成了正反馈。
[Abstract]:Based on the method of field observation and laboratory experiment, the effects of the shrub process of Caragana microphylla on soil and soil hydrological process in typical grassland of Inner Mongolia were studied. The results showed that the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen in shrub patches were 1.54 times and 1.16 times as much as those in grassland patches, and the average sand grains in shrub patches were 1.54 times and 1.16 times higher than those in grassland patches, respectively. The content of silt and clay was 0.87 times and 1.35 times of that of grassland patch, and the bulk density of shrub patch soil was 0.97 times as much as that of grassland patch. The surface depth of calcium accumulation layer of shrub patch is 1.27 times of that of grassland patch. The natural conditions such as topography are also important factors to form soil heterogeneity. On slope scale, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, soil bulk density of shrub and grassland patch, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, soil bulk density, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, soil bulk density, etc. The depth of the upper surface of the soil calcium accumulation layer increased from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope. The staining tracer test showed that the soil moisture front and soil moisture infiltration rate of the shrub patch soil profile were 1.36 times and 5.16 times of that of the grassland patch, respectively. The 0~10cm soil layer of grassland patch is more sensitive to water response, while the soil layer below 25 cm of shrub patch is more sensitive to water response. It is concluded that the shrub process enhances the spatial heterogeneity of soil. Shrub patches can transport soil water rapidly and store it in deep soil. Shrub patches are rich in soil nutrients and water. The positive feedback between the settlement and development of shrub plants and soil morphology is formed.
【作者单位】：云南财经大学国土资源与持续发展研究所;北京师范大学资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41461113) 云南省教育厅资助性项目(2016ZZX143) 云南省水利厅水利科技项目(2014003) 江苏省博士后科研资助计划(1501060B)~~
【分类号】：S812

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