甘氨酸亚铁与硫酸亚铁混合使用对肉仔鸡饲喂效果的研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 15:58

本文选题：肉仔鸡　切入点：甘氨酸亚铁　出处：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：铁是动物生长发育所需的微量元素,甘氨酸螯合铁的吸收和作用效果是动物营养研究的热点。本试验主要用同等铁水平的甘氨酸亚铁替代日粮中的硫酸亚铁,测定0-21日龄肉仔鸡的生长性能、生理生化指标和与铁吸收利用相关的基因表达量。旨在研究混合铁源对肉仔鸡饲喂效果的影响,确定一个合适的甘氨酸亚铁替代硫酸亚铁比例,为实际生产中甘氨酸亚铁在肉仔鸡日粮中的使用提供依据。本试验选用初始体重经方差分析差异不显著的1日龄AA肉公鸡600只,按单因子完全随机分组设计将600只肉仔鸡随机分成6个处理组(每个处理组分5次重复,每个重复20只鸡),1个组为对照组,5个组为试验组。对照组日粮:基础日粮添加硫酸亚铁组成,添加水平为100mg/kg(以铁计)。试验组日粮:用甘氨酸亚铁替代对照组日粮中的硫酸亚铁组成,以同等铁水平的甘氨酸亚铁替代对照组日粮中硫酸亚铁的20%、40%、60%、80%和100%,组成20%、40%、60%、80%和100%替代组。试验周期为21天,待试验结束后,对试验肉仔鸡进行称重,采集血样,屠宰试验肉仔鸡,采集肉仔鸡的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊和十二指肠等组织,用以测定肉仔鸡的生长性能、免疫器官指数、组织铁含量、血液生理生化指标、抗氧化酶活性和与铁吸收利用相关的基因表达量等指标。试验结果表明:用等铁水平的甘氨酸亚铁替代日粮中的硫酸亚铁对0-21日龄肉仔鸡的平均日增重、平均日采食量及料重比等生产指标和胸腺、脾脏及法氏囊等免疫器官指数影响不显著(P0.05),但随着甘氨酸亚铁替代比例的升高,0-21日龄肉仔鸡的胸腺指数有逐渐增加的趋势;用等铁水平的甘氨酸亚铁替代日粮中的硫酸亚铁对0-21日龄肉仔鸡的心脏铁含量、肝脏铁含量和脾脏铁含量均有显著的影响(P0.05),随着甘氨酸亚铁替代比例的升高,0-21日龄肉仔鸡的各组织铁含量明显升高,但60%替代组、80%替代组和100%替代组三组之间0-21日龄肉仔鸡的各组织铁含量差异均不显著(P0.05);用等铁水平的甘氨酸亚铁替代日粮中的硫酸亚铁对0-21日龄肉仔鸡的血液生理生化指标有显著影响(P0.05),随着甘氨酸亚铁替代比例的升高,0-21日龄肉仔鸡的血红蛋白含量、红细胞计数、红细胞压积、血清铁蛋白含量都显著提高,且血清总铁结合力显著降低,但60%替代组、80%替代组和100%替代组三组之间0-21日龄肉仔鸡的各个血液生理生化指标差异均不显著(P0.05);0-21日龄肉仔鸡血清过氧化氢酶的活性随甘氨酸亚铁替代比例的增加而升高,且差异显著(P0.05),但用等铁水平的甘氨酸亚铁替代日粮中的硫酸亚铁对0-21日龄肉仔鸡血清黄嘌呤氧化酶和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶的活性均无显著差异(P0.05);用等铁水平的甘氨酸亚铁替代日粮中的硫酸亚铁显著提高了0-21日龄肉仔鸡肝脏Hepcidin mRNA相对表达量(P0.05),并且显著降低了对0-21日龄肉仔鸡十二指肠DMT1 mRNA相对表达量(P0.05),但60%替代组、80%替代组和100%替代组三组之间对0-21日龄肉仔鸡的肝脏Hepcidin mRNA和十二指肠DMT1 mRNA相对表达量差异均不显著(P0.05)。综合本试验结果认为:在肉仔鸡生长前期,在日粮中用甘氨酸亚铁以1:1比例替代硫酸亚铁(以铁计)是可行的;从降低成本和提高铁的吸收利用等方面考虑,最佳替代比例为60%。
[Abstract]:Iron is a trace element in animal growth required for the absorption and the effect of ferrous glycinate is a hot research on animal nutrition. The main test instead of diets with the same level of iron in the ferrous sulfate ferrous glycinate, determination of the growth performance of 0-21 day old broilers, physiological and biochemical indexes and using the related gene expression with iron absorption. To study the mixed iron source feeding effect on broilers, determine an appropriate proportion of ferrous sulfate and ferrous glycine substitution, for use in actual production of ferrous glycine in broiler diets provide the basis. The initial weight variance analysis showed no significant difference of the 1 day old AA broilers cock 600, according to the single factor completely randomized design 600 broilers were randomly divided into 6 groups (each group divided into 5 replicates of 20 chicks per replicate), 1 group, 5 group The test group. The control group diets: basal diet supplemented with ferrous sulfate. The adding level was 100mg/kg (with Fe). Diets with ferrous glycine substitution control diet of ferrous sulfate, with the same level of iron sulfur acid ferrous ferrous glycine substitution control diet in 20%. 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% replacement group. The test period is 21 days, until after the end of the trial, the test of broilers were weighed and collected blood samples, broiler slaughter test, collecting broiler heart, liver, spleen, thymus, bursa and duodenum the tissues used to determine the growth performance of broilers, index of immune organs, tissues, blood physiological and biochemical index, antioxidant enzyme activity and iron absorption and utilization index and related gene expression. Experimental results show that the level of iron in the diet instead of ferrous glycine sulfate etc. Iron of 0-21 day old broilers average daily gain, average daily feed intake and ratio of feed production index and thymus index of immune organs, spleen and bursa is not significantly affected (P0.05), but with the increase of ferrous glycine substitution ratio of 0-21 day old broiler thymus index increased gradually heart; iron levels of ferrous glycine replacement of dietary ferrous sulfate of 0-21 day old broilers were used, significantly affected the contents of iron in the liver and spleen iron (P0.05), with the increase of ferrous glycine substitution ratio, iron content in different tissues of 0-21 day old broiler was significantly increased, but 60% alternative group, the difference of iron content in different tissues of 80% replacement group and 100% replacement group between the three groups of 0-21 day old broilers were not significant (P0.05); the level of iron in the diet of ferrous glycine substitution of ferrous sulfate on the 0-21 day old broiler blood etc. The physiological and biochemical indicators have significant effects (P0.05), with the increase of ferrous glycine substitution ratio, hemoglobin content of 0-21 day old broiler, red blood cell count, hematocrit, serum ferritin levels were significantly increased, and serum total iron binding capacity decreased significantly, but for the 60% generation group, 80% replacement group and 100% instead of the 0-21 day old broiler blood physiological biochemical indexes of various differences between the three groups was not significant (P0.05); 0-21 increase in broilers serum catalase activity with ferrous glycine substitution ratio increased, and the difference was significant (P0.05), but the level of iron in the diet of ferrous glycine substitution ferrous sulfate for 0-21 day chicken serum and liver xanthine oxidase at meat superoxide dismutase activity had no significant difference (P0.05); with the iron level in the diet instead of ferrous glycine sulfate iron significantly increased at 0-21 days of age The relative expression of broiler liver Hepcidin mRNA (P0.05), and significantly reduced to 0-21 day old broiler duodenum DMT1 relative expression of mRNA (P0.05), but the 60% replacement group, 80% group and 100% replacement group between the three groups on the 0-21 day old broiler liver Hepcidin mRNA and DMT1 mRNA relative expression in duodenum there was no significant difference (P0.05). The results showed that at the early growth stage of broilers, with ferrous glycine in the diets with a ratio of 1:1 to replace ferrous sulfate (with Fe) is feasible; the lower the cost and improve the absorption and utilization of iron and other aspects of consideration, best replacement ratio of 60%.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

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