内蒙古典型草原不同植物动态及其与气象因子的滞后响应

发布时间：2018-04-07 00:07

本文选题：生物量　切入点：气象因子　出处：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球变化与陆地生态系统关系的研究中,气候和植被相关关系的研究具有非常重要的意义。本文利用不同植物地上生物量实地调查数据以及气象资料,研究内蒙古锡林郭勒典型草原羊草+大针茅草地个体植物与环境因子的关系,探讨气象因子对植物地上生物量的影响,并探索其与气象因子间的滞后效应以及对应时滞期。(1)采用随机森林算法解析6种气象因子与7种植物地上生物量之间的关系。结果表明:气温、相对湿度、降水这3种气象因子对7种牧草地上生物量具有显著正效应,即温度较高、湿度较大,有利于促进牧草生物量累积。同时,由于植物个体差异,各类植物与不同气候因子适应性亦存在差异。具体表现为气候因子对羊草、大针茅以及羽茅生物量的影响力为:气温地温湿度降水量蒸发量日照时数;对米氏冰草为:气温湿度地温降水量蒸发量日照时数;对冷蒿而言,气温湿度降水量地温蒸发量日照时数;对黄囊苔草而言,地温气温湿度降水量蒸发量日照时数;对砂韭而言,气温降水量湿度地温蒸发量日照时数。(2)利用灰色系统理论,对7种植物地上生物量与不同滞后时段气象要素逐一进行灰色关联分析,以寻找影响植物生物量变化的关键气象因子以及生物量对气候要素响应的时滞期。气温、地温、降水量对牧草生物量总体影响较大,不同植物在完成其生长发育过程中对各环境因子的响应具有滞后效应,温度、降水的响应时滞期变化比较明显,且响应滞后期在年际间亦有所差异。(3)根据灰色模型理论,建立生物量与滞后气象因子的多变量灰色时滞GM(1,N|τ)模型,分别对7种植物地上生物量进行模拟和比较,结果表明模型模拟出的生物量具有较高的拟合精度。7种植物每三年的生物量模拟值平均绝对误差均小于20%,通过灰色模型精度检验标准,模型效果较好。同时也表明计算出的植物滞后响应时滞期可信度较高。
[Abstract]:In the study of the relationship between global change and terrestrial ecosystem, the study of the relationship between climate and vegetation is of great significance.Based on the field investigation data and meteorological data of different plant aboveground biomass, the relationship between individual plants and environmental factors in Leymus chinensis (Leymus chinensis) grassland in typical grassland of Xilinguole, Inner Mongolia, was studied in this paper.The effects of meteorological factors on aboveground biomass of plants were discussed, and the lag effect between meteorological factors and meteorological factors and the corresponding time lag time lag were explored.) the relationship between 6 meteorological factors and 7 kinds of plant aboveground biomass was analyzed by stochastic forest algorithm.The results showed that temperature, relative humidity and precipitation had significant positive effects on aboveground biomass of 7 species of forage, that is, higher temperature and higher humidity could promote the accumulation of forage biomass.At the same time, because of the individual difference of plants, the adaptability of different kinds of plants to different climatic factors is also different.The effects of climatic factors on the biomass of Leymus chinensis, Stipa grandis and Stipa pinnatifida are as follows: temperature, temperature, humidity, precipitation, evaporation, sunshine hours, temperature, humidity, ground temperature, precipitation, evaporation hours, and Artemisia annua.Air temperature and humidity precipitation sunshine hours, ground temperature evaporation hours for Carex sinensis, temperature temperature humidity precipitation evaporation hours, for leek, air temperature, humidity, ground temperature evaporation, sunshine hours, grey system theory,Grey correlation analysis was carried out one by one between the aboveground biomass of seven plants and meteorological elements in different lag periods in order to find out the key meteorological factors affecting the change of plant biomass and the time lag of biomass response to climatic elements.Air temperature, ground temperature and precipitation have a great effect on the biomass of forage. The response of different plants to various environmental factors in the process of growth and development has a lag effect, and the response time lag of temperature and precipitation is obvious.The response lag is also different from year to year. According to the grey model theory, a multivariable grey delay GM1N 蟿 model of biomass and lag meteorological factors is established, and the aboveground biomass of 7 species of plants is simulated and compared respectively.The results showed that the biomass simulated by the model had a high fitting accuracy. 7. The average absolute error of biomass simulation value of every three years was less than 20%, and the model effect was better through the test standard of grey model precision.At the same time, it also shows that the calculated plant lag response time delay reliability is higher.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S812

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