大蒜素对禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒感染造成损伤的调控作用研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 00:16

本文选题：禽网状内皮组织增生症　切入点：大蒜素　出处：《山东农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒(Reticuloendotheliosis virus,REV)是一种禽C型逆转录病毒,其症状包括生长迟缓、免疫抑制等,在世界范围内给家禽业造成了巨大经济损失。但目前尚无针对其的疫苗产品。大蒜素是从大蒜提取的生物活性物质,已有研究显示其具有抗菌、抗病毒、增强免疫功能的作用,在畜牧家禽养殖业,医药领域都有应用,且价格较低廉,无药残危害,因此本研究尝试将大蒜素应用于REV的防治,期望为治疗病毒性免疫抑制疾病奠定基础。本研究通过将REV人工感染SPF鸡建立动物模型后,研究日粮中添加大蒜素对感染鸡的生长性能、免疫功能等的影响,为将大蒜素开发研制成新药物打下基础。实验共分两个部分:1.REV感染动物模型的建立。为确定合适的感染日龄,分别选择3日龄(3d)、7日龄(7d)SPF鸡接种REV,比较其生长性能、免疫器官指数、NDV和AIV疫苗的HI抗体效价、血常规、CD4+、CD8+淋巴细胞比率的差别。结果显示,3d SPF鸡和7d SPF鸡感染REV后与对照组相比,均显著抑制SPF鸡的生长性能及对NDV和AIV-H9疫苗的免疫应答水平(P0.05),但3d SPF鸡感染REV后造成的死亡率(52.5%,21/40)要远高于7d SPF鸡感染组(17.5%,7/40)和对照组,而7d SPF鸡感染组死亡率与对照组相当(17.5%,7/40)。结果表明,REV感染3d SPF鸡和7d SPF鸡后均造成显著的生长和免疫抑制作用,但7日龄为建立REV感染SPF鸡模型的更适合日龄。2.大蒜素对REV造成损伤的调控作用研究。设置5个实验组:对照组、REV感染组、REV感染后饲喂600mg/kg的大蒜素组(R-600D组)、1日龄饲喂300mg/kg的大蒜素组(300D-R-300D组)、REV感染后饲喂300mg/kg的大蒜素组(R-300D组),比较不同剂量大蒜素和起始饲喂时间对抗REV感染的作用,从而筛选最佳添加剂量和投喂时间。结果显示,自5w时,R-300D组体重开始回升,与对照组无差异,显著高于REV、R-600D组(P0.05),而300D-R-300D组从6w开始与R-300D组组间无差异(P0.05);针对NDV、AIV-H9疫苗的免疫应答,R-300D组从4w到6w NDV、AIV-H9抗体滴度均高于其它组,接近或高于对照组抗体水平,R-600D组和R-300D组组间无差异(P0.05)。本研究表明,SNV株REV能显著抑制SPF鸡的生长性能及免疫机能,7日龄SPF鸡为建立REV感染模型的最佳日龄;日粮中添加大蒜素对REV造成的生长性能下降和免疫抑制的调控作用与添加剂量及饲喂时间相关,7日龄SPF鸡感染REV后日粮中添加300mg/kg大蒜素的实验组(R-300D组)显著抑制了REV造成的生长性能下降及免疫抑制,调控效果好于高剂量组(R-600D组)及较早起始添加组(300D-R-300D组),对REV造成的生长性能下降及免疫抑制具有最好的调控作用。这提示在实际应用中不必过高剂量或过早地添加,否则反而达不到最佳效果,并增加用药成本。
[Abstract]:Avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (Reticuloendotheliosis virus) is a kind of avian retrovirus type C, whose symptoms include growth retardation, immunosuppression and so on, which has caused great economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide.But there are no vaccine products for it.Allicin is a bioactive substance extracted from garlic. It has been shown to have antimicrobial, antiviral and immune functions. It has been used in animal husbandry and poultry industry and medicine, and it is cheap and has no residual harm.The aim of this study is to apply allicin to the prevention and treatment of REV in order to lay a foundation for the treatment of viral immunosuppressive diseases.In this study, the effects of allicin on growth performance and immune function of infected SPF chickens were studied after SPF chickens were artificially infected with REV, so as to lay a foundation for the development of allicin as a new drug.The experiment was divided into two parts: 1. Establishment of animal model of Rev infection.In order to determine the appropriate age of infection, the chickens of 3 days old and 7 days old were inoculated with Rev respectively. The growth performance, the HI antibody titer of immune organ index and AIV vaccine and the ratio of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in blood routine were compared.The results showed that 3 d SPF chickens and 7 d SPF chickens infected with REV were compared with the control group.The results showed that both 3 d SPF and 7 d SPF infected with Rev caused significant growth and immunosuppressive effects, but 7 days of age were more suitable for the establishment of SPF chicken model of REV infection.Study on the effect of allicin on REV damage.Five experimental groups were set up: the control group was infected with Rev and fed with 600mg/kg after rev infection. The allicin group fed with 300mg/kg at the age of 1 day was fed with allicin 300 D-R-300D group after 300mg/kg infection. The different doses of allicin were compared with those of the initial feeding group.The effect of feeding time on REV infection,In order to screen the best amount of additives and feeding time.There was no difference between R-600D group and R-300D group.The results showed that REV could significantly inhibit the growth performance of SPF chickens and the immune function of 7-day-old SPF chickens was the best age to establish REV infection model.The effects of allicin supplementation on growth performance and immunosuppressive effect of REV in SPF chickens infected with REV were related to the amount of additive and feeding time. The experimental group (R-300D) fed with 300mg/kg allicin significantly inhibited the growth performance of SPF chickens infected with REV.The growth performance and immunosuppression caused by REV were decreased,The effect of regulation was better than that of high-dose group (R-600D) and the group of early addition of 300D-R-300D, which had the best effect on the decrease of growth performance and immunosuppression caused by REV.This suggests that it is not necessary to add too high dose or too early in practical application, otherwise, the best effect can not be achieved and the cost of medication is increased.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.31

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