饲养密度对饲养环境及肉牛生产性能的影响

发布时间：2018-04-12 00:07

本文选题：CO + 行为研究　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年19期

【摘要】：为探究适宜肉牛生长的最佳饲养密度,提高肉牛场经济效益,该文研究了饲养密度对肉牛生产性能,行为活动及经济效益的影响。在江西省高安市肉牛试验站选取体质量182~282 kg的杂交牛,在固定圈舍面积(18 m~2)内分别饲养3、4、5、6、9头肉牛,对应占地面积为6.0、4.5、3.6、3.0、2.0 m~2/头,饲养密度依次增加。由于肉牛体型较大,每个处理2个重复。结果显示,2.0 m~2/头的试验组每头牛日采食量为11.90 kg显著高于其他处理组(P0.05),但每头牛日增质量仅为1.09 kg;3.6 m~2/头时,每头牛日采食量处于居中水平为10.96 kg,每头牛日增质量最佳,达到1.41 kg。随着饲养密度的增加,舍内二氧化碳浓度分别为1 056.38、1 108.44、1 172.65、1 200.89、1 398.19 mg/m~3,呈上升趋势;占地面积为2.0 m~2/头时,舍内氨气浓度最高达3.23 mg/m~3,而6.0 m~2/头时仅为1.13 mg/m~3;不同处理组之间有害气体浓度存在显著性差异(P0.05)。2.0 m~2/头处理组1 d内站立时间(含打斗)为11.84 h,站立时间最长,脏污程度评分为2.09,体表最脏,3.6 m~2/头试验组在打斗时间及体表清洁度方面均处于居中水平。综合上述指标,182~282 kg的每头牛适宜占地面积为3.6 m~2,此时饲料转化率高,动物福利水平较好,利于农场取得较好经济效益。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the optimum feeding density for beef cattle growth and improve the economic benefit of beef farm, the effects of feeding density on the performance, behavior and economic benefit of beef cattle were studied in this paper.Crossbred cattle with body weight of 182 ~ 282 kg were selected from Gaoan Beef Test Station in Jiangxi Province, and were raised in a fixed enclosure area of 18 mm2). Nine beef cattle were raised respectively, corresponding to an area of 6. 0 ~ 4. 5 ~ 3. 6 ~ (3. 6) and 2. 0 脳 2. 0 m ~ (2 / head) respectively. The feeding density increased in turn.Because of the large size of beef cattle, each treatment is 2 repetitions.The results showed that the daily feed intake of the test group was 11.90 kg / kg, which was significantly higher than that of the other treatment groups (P 0.05), but when the daily gain per cow was only 1.09 kg / kg, the daily feed intake per cow was 10.96 kg / head, and the average daily gain per cow was 1.41 kg / head.With the increase of the feeding density, the carbon dioxide concentration in the house was 1 106.38.4U 1 172.65U 1 200.89U 1 398.19 mg / mm3, which showed an upward trend, and occupied an area of 2 mm2 / head.The highest concentration of ammonia in the house was 3.23 mg / m ~ (3), and the highest concentration of ammonia was 1.13 mg / m ~ (3) at 6.0 mg / head. There was significant difference in the concentration of harmful gas between different treatment groups (P < 0.05). The standing time (including fighting) was 11.84 h (including fighting) in the first day in the treatment group (P < 0.05).The score of dirty degree was 2.09, and the viscera of the test group was at the middle level in the time of fighting and the cleanliness of the body surface.According to the above indexes, a suitable area of 3.6 mm2 per cow was obtained, and the feed conversion rate was high, the level of animal welfare was better, and the economic benefit of the farm was better.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学动物科技学院;动物营养学国家重点实验室;高安市裕丰农牧有限公司;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0500508)
【分类号】：S823

【相似文献】