环江香猪抗腹泻性状和产仔数性状相关基因多态性研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 23:35

本文选题：环江香猪 + 仔猪腹泻　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：环江香猪是广西著名的地方品种,属中国珍稀猪种,2003年通过国家原产地地理标志注册论证。环江香猪具有产仔数多、母性好、肉质鲜美、抗寒和耐粗饲等优良特性,深受养殖户和消费者欢迎。然而,改革开放以来,我国重视解决温饱问题,养殖业倾向于饲养体型大、生长快的猪种,环江香猪等小型地方品种猪被“打入冷宫”,加之环江香猪仔猪腹泻死亡率高,导致环江香猪的存栏量少,饲养成本高。目前对环江香猪相关功能基因研究鲜有报道,本研究立足仔猪的抗腹泻能力和母猪的产仔性状候选相关功能基因,包括粘附素13(MUC13)基因、促卵泡激素β亚基(FSHβ)基因、雌激素受体(ESR)基因和合子阻滞因子1(ZAR1),采用高分辨率熔解曲线(High Resolution Melting, HRM)、限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)结合测序分析的方法进行基因多态性研究,具体结果如下：1.环江香猪仔猪腹泻抗性/易感的MUC13基因的多态性研究。结果显示,环江香猪MUC13的A、B、C、和D位点有多态性,分别为SNPA32847G、SNPT37731C、SNPA42824G和SNP G46592C,E位点未检测出多态性。参考报道中抗性基因型GG型和CC型,统计154头环江香猪的基因型频率,其中A位点检测出的AA和AG基因型频率分别为0.792和0.208,有利等位基因G频率为0.104。B位点的CT和TT基因型频率分别为0.136和0.864,有利等位基因C频率为0.068。C位点检测出的AG和GG三种基因型频率分别为0.694、0.279和0.027,有利等位基因G频率为0.166。D位点检测出GC和CC基因型频率分别为0.344和0.656,有利等位基因G频率为0.172。环江香猪有利等位基因G与C频率均较低,这与环江香猪仔猪断奶前腹泻死亡率高的调研结果相吻合。进一步对仔猪健康群体、仔猪腹泻群体和仔猪腹泻死亡群体ABCD四个位点基因型研究显示,四个位点的不同基因型在三个分组中分布均存在显著差别(P0.05),其中C位点差别极显著(P0.01),说明检测出的四个位点的不同基因型与仔猪腹泻抗性/易感相关。2.环江香猪繁殖性状相关基因FSHβ、ESR和ZAR1基因的多态性研究。结果显示,首次成功克隆测序了环江香猪ZARl基因的外显子3,与GenBank中的ZAR1基因(DQ231443, gi:83727928)外显子3序列100%同源。针对134头环江香猪检测样本中均未发现FSHβ和ESR基因的多态突变位点。对ZAR1基因的外显子3和部分内含子3测序后发现5个新突变SNP位点,未见有已报道的对猪产仔数产生显著影响的外显子3(C54T)突变。结果显示不同品种猪基因突变多态性亦呈现为不同的模式,研究结果对建立环江香猪基因标记辅助选择方法提供理论基础。
[Abstract]:Huanjiang Xiang pig is a famous local breed in Guangxi, which is a rare pig species in China. It was proved by the registration of national geographical indications of origin in 2003. Huanjiang Xiang pig has many characteristics, such as large litter size, good maternal quality, delicious meat quality, cold resistance and forage tolerance, and is welcomed by farmers and consumers. However, since the reform and opening up, China has attached great importance to solving the problem of food and clothing. The breeding industry tends to raise large and fast growing pig breeds, small local breeds such as Huanjiang Xiang pig, etc., which have been "put in the cold". In addition, Huanjiang Xiang pig piglets have a high mortality rate of diarrhea. As a result, Huanjiang Xiang pig storage capacity is small, raising cost is high. There are few reports on the related functional genes of Huanjiang Xiang pig. This study was based on the anti-diarrhea ability of piglets and the candidate functional genes for litter traits in sows, including adhesion hormone 13MUC 13 gene and follicle stimulating hormone 尾 subunit FSH 尾 gene. Estrogen receptor ESR) gene and zygote block factor 1 (ZAR1) were studied by high resolution fusion curve high Resolution melting, HRMN, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing analysis. The results are as follows: 1. Study on the Polymorphism of MUC13 Gene of diarrhea Resistance / susceptibility in Huanjiang Xiang Pig piglets. The results showed that there were no polymorphisms at SNPT37731C (SNPA32847G) and SNP G46592 (E) in MUC13 of Huanjiang Xiang pig. The genotype frequencies of 154 Huanjiang Xiang pigs were analyzed with reference to the GG and CC genotypes in the report. The genotype frequencies of AA and AG were 0.792 and 0.208 for A locus, 0.136 and 0.864 for CT and TT genotypes at 0.104.B site, and 0.068.C for AG and TT genotype frequencies for favorable allele G, respectively. The frequencies of three genotypes of GG were 0.6940.279 and 0.027, respectively. The G frequency of favorable allele G was 0.166.D and the frequencies of GC and CC were 0.344 and 0.656, respectively, and the G frequency of favorable allele was 0.172. The frequency of G and C alleles were lower in Huanjiang Xiang pig, which was consistent with the investigation results of high mortality rate of diarrhea before weaning in Huanjiang Xiang pig piglets. The genotypes of four loci of ABCD in healthy piglets, piglets diarrhea population and piglet diarrhea death population were further studied. There were significant differences in the distribution of different genotypes among the four loci in the three groups, and the difference of C loci was extremely significant (P0.01), which indicated that the different genotypes of the four loci were related to the diarrhea resistance / susceptibility of piglets. Polymorphism of FSH 尾 -ESR and ZAR1 genes associated with reproductive traits in Huanjiang Xiang pig. The results showed that exon 3 of the ZARl gene of Huanjiang Xiang pig was cloned and sequenced successfully for the first time, which was 100% homologous to the exon 3 sequence of ZAR1 gene DQ231443 in GenBank. Polymorphic mutation sites of FSH 尾 and ESR genes were not found in 134 Huanjiang Xiang pigs. After sequencing exon 3 and partial intron 3 of ZAR1 gene, five new mutation SNP loci were found, and no reported exon 3 C54T mutation which had significant effect on litter size was found. The results showed that different breeds of pig gene mutation polymorphism also showed different patterns. The results provided a theoretical basis for the establishment of a genetic marker-assisted selection method for Huanjiang Xiang pig.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828

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