放牧强度对克氏针茅草原植物功能群的影响

发布时间：2018-04-22 14:30

本文选题：草原 + 放牧干扰　；参考：《草业科学》2017年10期

【摘要】：植物功能群及其多样性是维持群落结构复杂性和稳定性的基础,一定程度上反映着草地生态系统的健康状况。本研究以内蒙古呼伦贝尔草原的克鲁伦河流域草原为研究对象,以植物生活型划分功能群类型,比较了3种放牧强度对植物功能群的组成结构、地上生物量和优势度的影响。结果表明,1)轻牧、中牧和重牧3种放牧条件下的总物种数分别为20、23和18种,符合"中度干扰假说";3种放牧强度下多年生非禾草物种数在群落中均占较高比例。2)轻度放牧条件下物种丰富度较低,但各放牧强度下功能群多样性无显著差异(P0.05),物种丰富度与功能群多样性无显著关系。3)随着放牧强度的增加,多年生禾草和灌木、半灌木在群落中的优势地位呈现下降趋势,与之相反,多年生非禾草优势地位越来越显著。重度放牧增加了一、二年生草本在群落中的物种数和地上生物量,但与轻牧、中牧相比,其优势度无显著变化(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:Plant functional groups and their diversity are the basis for maintaining the complexity and stability of community structure, and to some extent reflect the health status of grassland ecosystem. In this study, the grassland of Kulunhe River basin in Hulunbeir grassland of Inner Mongolia was used as the research object. The effects of three grazing intensities on the composition structure, aboveground biomass and dominance of plant functional groups were compared. The results showed that the total species number of three grazing conditions, light, medium and heavy, were 2023 and 18, respectively. In accordance with the "medium disturbance hypothesis", the species abundance of perennial non-gramineous species in the community under three grazing intensities was higher. 2) under mild grazing, the species richness was lower. However, there was no significant difference in the diversity of functional groups under different grazing intensities (P 0.05). There was no significant relationship between species richness and functional group diversity. 3) with the increase of grazing intensity, the dominant position of perennial grasses, shrubs and subshrubs in the community decreased. On the contrary, the dominant position of perennial non-grasses is more and more obvious. Heavy grazing increased the number of species and aboveground biomass of biennial herbaceous plants in the community, but the dominance of herbaceous herbaceous plants was not significantly changed compared with light grazing and moderate grazing.
【作者单位】：大连民族大学环境与资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31470504;31670455;31500366) 国家重点研发计划子课题(2016YFC0500908) 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(DC201501070101)
【分类号】：S812

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