高水平代谢有机酸对AA肉鸡生长及肠道的影响

发布时间：2018-04-28 14:24

本文选题：代谢有机酸 + 生长性能　；参考：《东北农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：代谢有机酸是一类机体生命代谢过程中产生的中间产物,主要包括短链有机酸、短链酮酸,如丙酮酸、酮戊二酸、乙酰乙酸等,在生命活动中具有非常重要的作用。其通过参与三大营养物质代谢而发挥重要作用,影响动物机体生长及机体代谢。本试验通过筛选不同原料作为有机酸载体,在肉鸡饲粮中添加高水平代谢有机酸产品,探讨高水平代谢有机酸对AA肉鸡生长发育、肠道消化酶活性及肠粘膜形态的影响。选取1日龄初始体重接近的雄性AA肉鸡192羽,随机分成4个处理,每处理4个重复,每重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1%、1%、5%的代谢有机酸,试验期28天。分别于试验第1d、15d、29d清晨空腹称重,统计各重复组鸡各阶段耗料量,计算平均采食量、日增重、料重比。于试验结束时在鸡颈静脉处采血后屠宰,测定血清生化指标。取腺胃、十二指肠、空肠各消化段内容物测定蛋白酶和脂肪酶的活性。分别剪取十二指肠、空肠中部组织测定肠粘膜形态。结果如下:试验一高水平代谢有机酸对载体性状和pH值的影响试验载体豆粕、米糠、稻壳用60目筛细化后,分别与有机酸算按4:1比例配制,与未过60目筛原料相比,过60目筛的有机酸产品均匀程度更高。以稻壳、米糠为载体配制的有机酸产品有结粒出现,豆粕为载体的有机酸产品有微量结粒,但粒状物质容易打碎。有机酸产品有一定粘稠度,其中以豆粕为载体的有机酸产品粘度适宜,其他有机酸产品粘稠度较大,不易混合均匀。不同有机酸产品的pH值无显著差异(P0.05)。试验二高水平代谢有机酸对AA肉鸡生长性能、消化酶活性及肠粘膜形态的影响(1)高水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡生长性能的影响。0.1%代谢有机酸组肉鸡末重、日增重、采食量较对照组分别提高3.32%、3.40%、1.57%(P0.05),1%代谢有机酸组肉鸡末重与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),5%组肉鸡体重、采食量、日增重较对照组分别降低61.34%、63.82%、54.73%(P0.01)。试验组间,5%组肉鸡日增重、采食量、体重分别极显著低于0.1%和1%组(P0.01)。各时期5%组料重比极显著高于其他三组(P0.01)。(2)高水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡血液生化指标的影响。0.1%组肉鸡血清总蛋白含量显著高于5%组(P0.05)。血清尿酸和葡萄糖含量随着有机酸水平的提高呈增加的趋势,5%组肉鸡血清葡萄糖含量显著高于对照组13.04%(P0.05)。(3)高水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡内脏器官指数的影响。0.1%组肉鸡内脏器官重与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),1%组肉鸡肝脏指数显著高于对照组(P0.05),5%组肉鸡心脏、肝脏、胸腺、法氏囊指数均极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。(4)高水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡消化道pH的影响。试验组肉鸡空肠、腺胃pH值与对照组相比无显著差异(P0.05)。0.1%、1%组肉鸡十二指肠pH值显著高于5%组(P0.05)。(5)高水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡消化酶活性的影响。与对照组相比,1%与5%组肉鸡腺胃蛋白酶活性显著降低(P0.05),试验组十二指肠蛋白酶活性随有机酸添加水平提高呈降低趋势,但无显著差异(P0.05),各组脂肪酶活性无显著差异(P0.05)。(6)高水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡肠粘膜形态的影响。5%试验组肉鸡十二指肠绒毛长度极显著低于其他三组(P0.01),十二指肠隐窝深度显著高于其他三组(P0.05)。0.1%和1%组肉鸡空肠绒毛长度比对照组提高了2.01%和1.13%(P0.05)。综上可知:添加0.1%水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡生长有促进作用,采食量、日增重显著提高。1%水平代谢有机酸对肉鸡生长无促进作用,但也未出现抑制作用。5%代谢有机酸组肉鸡生长严重受阻;添加高浓度有机酸会提高肉鸡血清中尿酸、葡萄糖含量,降低蛋白酶活性、对小肠吸收功能影响不显著。
[Abstract]:Metabolic organic acids are intermediate products produced in the process of life metabolism, mainly including short chain organic acids, short chain ketoacids, such as pyruvic acid, ketopamyl diacid, acetoacetic acid, and so on. It plays an important role in life activities. It plays an important role in the metabolism of three major nutrients and affects animal body growth and organism generation. By screening different raw materials as organic acid carriers and adding high level metabolic organic acids in broiler diet, the experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of high level metabolic organic acids on the growth and development of AA broilers, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and intestinal mucosal morphology. 192 feathers were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each of which was 1 days of age, close to the body weight. 4 repetitions were treated and 12 chickens were repeated each. The control group was fed with basic diet. The experimental group added 0.1%, 1% and 5% metabolic organic acids to the basal diet for 28 days, respectively, in the test period 1D, 15d, and 29d in the early morning. The activity of protease and lipase in the digestive tract of the stomach, duodenum and jejunum was measured with the contents of the digestive tract in the stomach, duodenum and jejunum. The duodenum and the middle jejunum tissue were cut to determine the intestinal mucosa. The results were as follows: the test of a high level metabolic acid on the carrier character and pH value test carrier bean After refining the meal, rice bran and rice husk with 60 mesh screens, the organic acids were proportions respectively with the organic acids. Compared with the raw material without 60 mesh sieve, the organic acid products of the 60 mesh sieves were even higher. The organic acid products with rice husk and rice bran as carrier appeared in the organic acid products, and the organic acid products with soybean meal as the carrier had micro grains, but the granular material was easily broken. Organic acid products have certain viscosity, in which the viscosity of organic acid products with soybean meal as the carrier is suitable, other organic acid products have greater viscosity and not easy to mix. There is no significant difference in pH value of different organic acid products (P0.05). The effect of two high level metabolic organic acids on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal mucosa morphology of AA broilers (1) The effect of high level metabolic organic acid on the growth performance of Broilers.0.1% metabolic organic acid group was increased by 3.32%, 3.40%, 1.57% (P0.05), respectively, and there was no significant difference between the 1% metabolic organic acid group and the control group (P0.05). 5% groups of meat chicken weight, feed intake, and daily weight gain were 61.34%, 63.82%, respectively, compared with the control group. 54.73% (P0.01). Between the experimental groups, the daily weight gain, feed intake and body weight of 5% groups of broilers were significantly lower than 0.1% and 1% groups (P0.01). 5% groups of material weight ratio were significantly higher than those of the other three groups (P0.01). (2) the effect of high level metabolic organic acids on blood biochemical indexes of broilers was significantly higher than that of group 5% (P0.05). Serum uric acid was significantly higher than that of group 5% (P0.05). The content of glucose and glucose increased with the increase of organic acid level. The glucose content in serum of 5% groups of broilers was significantly higher than that of control group (13.04% P0.05). (3) the effect of high metabolic organic acids on visceral organ index of broilers was not significantly different from the control group in.0.1% group (P0.05), and the liver index of 1% groups of broilers was significantly higher than that of the control group. Group (P0.05), 5% groups of broilers heart, liver, thymus, bursa index were significantly higher than the control group (P0.01). (4) the high level of metabolic organic acids on the digestive tract pH in broilers. The experimental group of broiler jejunum, the pH value of glandular stomach compared with the control group, no significant difference (P0.05).0.1%, 1% groups of chicken duodenal pH value was significantly higher than the 5% groups (P0.05). (5) high level The effect of metabolic organic acid on digestive enzyme activity of broiler chickens. Compared with the control group, the activity of pepsin in the 1% and 5% groups was significantly decreased (P0.05). The activity of the duodenal protease in the experimental group decreased with the increase of the organic acid addition level, but there was no significant difference (P0.05), and there was no significant difference in the activity of lipase in each group (P0.05). (6) the high level of metabolism was in the high level. The effect of organic acid on the morphology of meat and chicken intestinal mucosa in.5% test group was significantly lower than that of other three groups (P0.01). The depth of duodenal recess was significantly higher than that of other three groups (P0.05).0.1% and 1% groups of chicken jejunum villi length increased by 2.01% and 1.13% (P0.05). The growth of broilers has a promoting effect, the feed intake and the daily weight gain significantly increase the.1% level of the metabolic organic acids on the growth of broilers, but there is no inhibition effect on the growth of broilers, and the addition of high concentration organic acids can improve the serum uric acid, glucose content, reduce the activity of protease and the absorption of the small intestine in broilers. The effect is not significant.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S831.5

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