挤压膨化加工对菜籽粕中抗营养因子含量及膨化菜籽粕对生长育肥猪生长性能的影响

发布时间：2018-04-30 07:30

本文选题：膨化菜籽粕 + 生长育肥猪　；参考：《动物营养学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究挤压膨化加工对菜籽粕(RM)中抗营养因子、营养物质含量以及膨化菜籽粕(ERM)对生长育肥猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率的影响。试验1:采用本实验室的TSE65双螺杆干法挤压膨化机和优化后的加工参数组合对饲料级RM进行挤压膨化加工,测定RM和ERM中的抗营养因子和营养物质含量。试验2:以RM和ERM为主要试验材料,选取72头体重为(33.82±3.72)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪,随机分成6组,每个组3个重复,每个重复4头猪。试验16周,1、3、5组分别饲喂添加6%、10%和14%RM的饲粮,试验2、4、6组分别饲喂添加6%、10%和14%ERM的饲粮;试验712周,1、3、5组分别饲喂添加10%、14%和18%RM的饲粮,试验2、4、6组分别饲喂添加10%、14%和18%ERM的饲粮。试验期为12周。结果表明:1)与RM相比,ERM中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙和总磷含量都有所增加;ERM中粗脂肪和干物质含量显著升高(P0.05),半胱氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸含量显著降低(P0.05),总氨基酸含量下降了1.75%(P0.05),硫苷和植酸含量显著降低(P0.05),异硫氰酸酯和唑烷硫酮含量低于检测限0.15 mg/g,单宁含量无显著变化(P0.05)。2)16周内,同等添加量下,2、4组末重(FBW)显著高于1、3组(P0.05);4组平均日采食量(ADFI)显著高于其余各组(P0.05);各组间平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)均无显著差异(P0.05);6组粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和干物质表观消化率显著高于5组(P0.05);6组除蛋氨酸、丝氨酸和谷氨酸表观消化率与5组差异不显著(P0.05)外,其余氨基酸表观消化率均显著高于5组(P0.05)。712周内,同等添加量下,2、4组FBW高于1、3组,6组FBW低于5组,但差异均不显著(P0.05);2组粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和干物质表观消化率显著高于1组(P0.05);2组缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、苏氨酸、天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、半胱氨酸、脯氨酸和总氨基酸表观消化率显著高于1组(P0.05)。由此可见,挤压膨化加工能提高RM的营养价值并降低多种抗营养因子含量,在育肥猪饲粮中添加ERM可以提高育肥猪的生长性能和营养物质表观消化率。30-60 kg的育肥猪饲粮中ERM适宜添加量为10%,61120 kg的育肥猪饲粮中ERM适宜添加量为14%。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of extruding processing on the growth performance and apparent digestibility of rapeseed meal (RM), including the effects of anti-nutritional factors, nutrient content and expanded rapeseed meal (ERM) on growth performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients in growing and fattening pigs. Experiment 1: the TSE65 twin-screw extruder and optimized processing parameters were used to extrude the feed grade RM, and the contents of anti-nutrition factors and nutrients in RM and ERM were determined. Experiment 2: using RM and ERM as the main test materials, 72 DU 脳 Chang 脳 large 脳 large hybrid pigs with weight of 33.82 卤3.72)kg were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 3 replicates in each group and 4 pigs per replica. In experiment 16 weeks, the diets supplemented with 6U 10% and 14%RM were fed to the 5 groups, the diets supplemented with 6 10% and 10% 14%ERM were fed in the 2 groups, in the 712 weeks, the diets were fed with 10 10% and 10% 18%RM, respectively, and the diets supplemented with 1010% and 10% 18%ERM were fed in the experiment 2 46 groups. The diets supplemented with 10% 10% and 10% 18%ERM were added to the diets in the experiment 246 groups, and 10% 10% and 10% 18%ERM were added to the diets in the experiment 712 weeks, respectively, and in the experiment 2 46 groups were fed with 10% 10% and 10% 18%ERM, respectively. The trial period was 12 weeks. The results showed that the contents of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, calcium and total phosphorus in ERM increased significantly compared with RM. The contents of lysine and arginine decreased significantly (P 0.05), the total amino acids decreased by 1.75% and P 0.05, the contents of glucosinolate and phytic acid decreased significantly (P 0.05), the contents of isothiocyanate and azolidazolone were lower than the detection limit of 0.15 mg / g, and the content of tannin did not change significantly within the week of P0.05.216. The average daily feed intake (ADFI) of the four groups was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P0.05), and there was no significant difference in the average daily gain (ADG) and the feed / weight ratio (FG) between the four groups (P 0.056), while the average daily gain (ADG) and the feed / weight ratio (FG) in the four groups were significantly higher than those in the other groups. The apparent digestibility of crude fat and dry matter was significantly higher than that of the other groups except methionine, serine and glutamate, and the apparent digestibility of amino acids was significantly higher than that of P0.05. 712 weeks after treatment, except for methionine, serine and glutamate. At the same dosage, the FBW of the four groups was higher than that of the control group and the FBW of the 6 groups was lower than that of the 5 groups, but the difference was not significant. The apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat and dry matter in group 2 were significantly higher than those in group 1 (P 0.05), isoleucine, lysine, histidine and threonine. The apparent digestibility of aspartic acid, tyrosine, glutamate, glycine, cysteine, proline and total amino acid were significantly higher than that of group 1 (P 0.05). It can be seen that extrusion processing can increase the nutritional value of RM and reduce the content of many kinds of anti-nutritional factors. The addition of ERM to the diet of fattening pigs could improve the growth performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients of fattening pigs. The optimum addition of ERM to the diet of fattening pigs was 10 ~ 61120 kg. The suitable addition of ERM in the diet of fattening pigs was 14 ~ (th).
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院饲料研究所;农业部食物与营养发展研究所;农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20120315) 现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队项目国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFF0201800)
【分类号】：S828.5

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