中草药饲料添加剂对三穗鸭生长性能及免疫功能的影响

发布时间：2018-05-01 05:10

本文选题：中草药 + 三穗鸭　；参考：《贵州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验通过研究不同配方组分的中草药饲料添加剂对三穗鸭生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力和血清生化指标的影响,为中草药饲料添加剂在三穗鸭产业中的应用提供科学依据。中草药饲料添加剂分为两组组分,中草药饲料添加剂配方Ⅰ主要由:黄芪、神曲、陈皮、甘草、山药、五味子、肉桂、乌梅组成,中草药饲料添加剂配方Ⅱ主要由:小茴香、杜仲、白术、麦芽、鱼腥草、山楂、陈皮、干姜组成。试验选取300只1日龄健康三穗鸭随机分为对照组、试验组Ⅰ,试验组Ⅱ,试验组Ⅲ,试验组Ⅳ,每组3个重复,每个重复20只鸭子。饲喂基础日粮的试验组为对照组,试验组Ⅰ添加1%的中草药饲料添加剂配方Ⅰ,试验组Ⅱ添加1.5%的中草药饲料添加剂配方Ⅰ,试验组Ⅲ添加1%的中草药配方饲料添加剂Ⅱ,试验组Ⅳ添加1.5%的中草药配方饲料添加剂Ⅱ。试验组和对照组的饲养环境完全相同,试验开始注射禽流感疫苗,试验期间每三天将水池里的水进行更换,定时对圈舍进行打扫,消毒,保持圈舍清洁干燥通风。全部试验三穗鸭均自由饮食,记录每天饲料消耗量,保持三穗鸭的健康生长。试验期为120天,通过饲养试验测定其生长指标;并分别在60日龄和120日龄时通过翅下静脉采血测定其血液生化指标、免疫功能指标以及抗氧化能力指标。试验结果如下:(1)中草药饲料添加剂能有效促进三穗鸭的生长性能。试验组与对照组在增重情况上相比,试验组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ显著高于对照组(P0.05);试Ⅲ、Ⅳ组差异不显著,但也有所提高。绝对周增重各组在各个阶段都略有差异,相对周增重各组间都呈下降趋势。试验Ⅱ组的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅳ组也有所提高但差异不显著(P0.05),试验Ⅲ组有所降低。平均日采食量与对照组相比,试Ⅰ、Ⅳ组显著提高(P0.05)。与对照组相比料肉比有所降低。研究表明,添加1.5%基础日粮的中草药配方Ⅰ,能同时有效的提高三穗鸭3~11周龄的平均日增重和日采食量。(2)添加中草药饲料添加剂能提高三穗鸭抗氧化能力。中草药饲料添加剂能显著提高血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GsH-Px),试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组与对照组相比,其血清GsH-Px的含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组与对照组相比,血清GsH-Px含量略有提高,但差异不显著(P0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性也均有提升,试验各组与对照组相比,其血清SOD含量均显著提高(P0.05);同时添加中草药饲料添加剂能均能显著降低三穗鸭血液中的丙二醛(MDA)含量水平(P0.05)。(3)添加中草药饲料添加剂能有效提高三穗鸭免疫功能。试验Ⅱ组、试验组Ⅲ、试验组Ⅳ与对照组相比,其血清IgA含量分别显著提高10.41%、8.75%、9.71%(P0.05);试验Ⅰ组与对照组相比,血液IgA含量略有提高,但差异不显著(P0.05);IgG含量试验各组都显著高于对照组,其中试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组与对照组相比血液IgG含量分别显著提高9.25%、17.98%、9.07%、8.99%(P0.05);与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组血清IgM含量均显著提高(P0.05);其中试验Ⅱ组血清IgM含量相比其它各组提高最为明显;试验Ⅳ组血清总蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),且提高9.62%,试验Ⅱ组血清总蛋白含量显著提高8.85%(P0.05);与对照组相比,试验各组血清白蛋白含量均显著增加,其中试验Ⅱ组血清白蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),且提高16.60%。(4)添加中草药饲料添加剂对试验各组三穗鸭血清生化指标均有不同程度的影响。对甘油三酯(TG)的影响,60日龄和120日龄时试验组Ⅲ、试验组Ⅳ与对照组相比其TG含量分别显著下降32.76%、23.53%(P㩳0.05);对总胆固醇(TC)的影响,60日龄和120日龄时试验组Ⅲ、试验组Ⅳ与对照组相比,其TC含量差异显著(P㩳0.05);对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)的影响,60日龄和120日龄时,试验组Ⅲ、试验组Ⅳ与对照组相比其LDLC含量均显著降低(P0.05),120日龄时,试验组Ⅱ与对照组相比,血清LDLC含量水平显著降低;对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)的影响,60日龄和120日龄时试验组Ⅲ、试验组Ⅳ与对照组相比其HDLC含量水平差异显著(P㩳0.05)。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the effects of Chinese herbal feed additives on the growth performance, immune function, antioxidant capacity and serum biochemical indexes of Sansui ducks were studied, and the scientific basis was provided for the application of Chinese herbal feed additives in Sansui duck industry. The Chinese herbal feed additive was divided into two components and Chinese herbal feed additive formula. I mainly composed of Astragalus, divine comedy, tangerine, licorice, Chinese yam, Schisandra, cinnamon, black plum, and Chinese herbal feed additive formula II mainly consisted of fennel, Eucommia ulmoides, Atractylodes, malt, Houttuynia, hawthorn, tangerine and dried ginger. 300 1 day old Sansui ducks were randomly divided into control group I, test group II, test group III, test group IV, each group of 3 duplicates, each duplication of 20 ducks. The experimental group fed the basic diet was the control group, the experimental group I added 1% Chinese herbal feed additive formula I, the experimental group II added 1.5% Chinese herbal feed additive formula I, the experimental group III added 1% Chinese herbal formula feed additive II, the experimental group IV added 1.5% Chinese herbal medicine. Feed additive II. The feeding environment of the experimental group and the control group was exactly the same. The experiment began to inject the avian influenza vaccine. During the test, the water in the pool was replaced every three days, the house was cleaned, the enclosure was cleaned, the house was kept clean, dry and ventilated. All the Sansui ducks were free to eat, record the daily consumption of feed and keep three. The healthy growth of panicle ducks. The experimental period was 120 days, and the growth indexes were measured by feeding test. Blood biochemical indexes, immune function indexes and antioxidant capacity were measured at 60 days and 120 days of age respectively. The results are as follows: (1) the growth performance of Sansui duck can be effectively promoted. Test group and control group in weight gain compared with the test group I, group II was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05); test III, group IV, the difference was not significant, but also improved. The absolute weekly weight gain is slightly different in each stage, the relative weekly weight increases in each group. The average daily gain of experimental group II is significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). The experiment I, group IV also improved but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the test group III decreased. Compared with the control group, the average daily feed intake was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the ratio of meat to meat was reduced. The study showed that the addition of 1.5% basal diets to the 1.5% basal diet I could effectively improve the level of 3~11 weeks of the duck in the duck. Daily gain and daily feed intake. (2) adding Chinese herbal feed additives can improve the antioxidant capacity of Sansui duck. Chinese herbal feed additives can significantly increase the serum glutathione peroxidase (GsH-Px), test group I, test II group compared with the control group, the serum GsH-Px content is significantly higher than the control group (P0.05); test III group, test IV Compared with the control group, the serum GsH-Px content increased slightly, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased. Compared with the control group, the serum SOD content was significantly increased (P0.05), and the addition of Chinese herbal feed additive could significantly reduce the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood of Sansui duck. Level (P0.05). (3) adding Chinese herbal feed additives can effectively improve the immune function of Sansui duck. Test group II, test group III, experimental group IV compared with the control group, the serum IgA content increased by 10.41%, 8.75%, 9.71% (P0.05), compared with the control group, the blood IgA content was slightly improved, but the difference was not significant (P0.05); IgG contained The volume test group was significantly higher than the control group, in which the test group I, the test group II, the test group III, the test group IV and the control group were significantly increased by 9.25%, 17.98%, 9.07%, 8.99% (P0.05), respectively. Compared with the control group, the serum IgM content of the test group II group was significantly increased (P0.05), and the serum IgM content of the test group II group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). The serum total protein content of group IV was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05), and increased by 9.62%, and the serum total protein content of group II was significantly increased by 8.85% (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum albumin content was significantly increased, and the serum albumin content in the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.05) and increase the effect of 16.60%. (4) addition of Chinese herbal feed additive on the serum biochemical indexes of Sansui ducks in different degrees. The effect on triglyceride (TG), 60 days old and 120 days old, the test group IV significantly decreased the TG content by 32.76%, 23.53% (P? 0.05) compared with the control group, and the effect on total cholesterol (TC). The test group was 60 days old and 120 days old. Compared with the control group, the test group had significant difference in TC content (P? 0.05), the effect on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), 60 days old and 120 days old, the experimental group III, the test group IV was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05). At the age of 120, the test group II was compared with the control group. The level of LDLC content was significantly reduced; the effect on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), 60 days old and 120 day old group III, the test group IV compared with the control group, the level of HDLC content was significantly different (P? 0.05).

【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S834.5

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