基于鹅舍气流场CFD模拟的通风系统结构优化与验证

发布时间：2018-05-01 15:02

本文选题：计算流体力学(CFD) + 优化　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：针对鹅舍内机械通风时大量气流扩散于鹅舍上方而位于地面鹅只通风效果受阻的气流问题,提出一种基于计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)的结构优化方案。通过在舍内主梁下端安装相同高度且与气流方向呈一定倾角的多个可拉伸卷膜构造方法,提高种鹅舍内有效的通风效率。依据试验现场边界条件,构建并求解了鹅舍的三维稳态模型,舍内40个测点的风速模拟值与实测值均方根误差为0.152 m/s,最大绝对误差为0.29 m/s,平均相对误差为2.04%,验证了建立的鹅舍CFD模型的准确性。根据不同优化方案数值模拟了27组不同改造后鹅舍内气流场分布情况,仿真得出最优组合方案:在42 m长的舍内安装卷膜个数为10个,卷膜与主梁竖直方向倾斜角度为60o以及卷膜最大下拉高度为1.2 m时舍内通风效率最高、气流分布最均匀。通过现场实测,对比改造前后40个测点的风速值,试验结果表明:改造后鹅舍较常规鹅舍平均风速增加0.527 m/s,舍内气流不均匀系数降低32.2%。该试验结果为种鹅舍的结构设计、同类型畜禽舍结构优化以及改善通风降温效果调控提供了一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that a large amount of airflow diffuses over the geese shed during mechanical ventilation and the airflow is blocked in the ground geese, a structural optimization scheme based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is proposed. In order to improve the effective ventilation efficiency of the sheds, several extensible membrane structures with the same height at the lower end of the main beam and a certain inclination to the air flow direction were installed in the sheds. According to the field boundary conditions, the three-dimensional steady-state model of geese house was constructed and solved. The root-mean-square error (RMS) of the simulated wind speed and the measured value is 0.152 m / s, the maximum absolute error is 0.29 m / s and the average relative error is 2.04 m / s, which verifies the accuracy of the CFD model. According to different optimization schemes, the distribution of airflow field in 27 groups of geese houses after different modifications were numerically simulated, and the optimal combination scheme was obtained: the number of coil films installed in 42m long sheds was 10. The ventilation efficiency is the highest and the airflow distribution is the most uniform when the vertical tilt angle between the roll film and the main beam is 60 o and the maximum pull-down height of the winding film is 1.2 m. The results showed that the average wind speed of the geese house increased by 0.527 m / s compared with that of the conventional geese house, and the non-uniformity coefficient of the airflow in the geese shed decreased by 32.2m / s. The results provided some references for the structural design of goose house, the optimization of the structure of the same type of livestock and poultry house, and the improvement of ventilation and cooling effect.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学工学院;常州市阳湖鹅业专业合作社;江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所;
【基金】：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(15)1008) 国家现代农业产业体系项目(CARS-43-16)
【分类号】：S835

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