封育和放牧对典型草原地上植被的影响

发布时间：2018-05-03 01:12

本文选题：封育 + 放牧　；参考：《水土保持研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：封育和放牧是草地生态系统重要的干扰因子。以黄土高原典型草原封育5年草地和放牧地为研究对象,采用野外调查方法,地上植被物种组成、生物量、盖度、密度、地上茎分枝数和物种多样性等,以期揭示封育和放牧干扰对地上植被的影响。结果表明:封育和放牧对地上植被群落结构有显著影响。与放牧地相比,封育措施显著增加了典型草原的地上生物量和总盖度,但显著降低了地上植被密度和地上茎分枝数。封育措施显著提高草地禾草生物量,显著降低非禾草生物量。封育措施降低了禾草和非禾草地上茎分枝数,但非禾草地上茎分枝数下降不显著。封育显著降低了地上植被的物种丰富度、Margalef指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数,但对Simpson指数和Pielou指数影响不显著。
[Abstract]:Fencing and grazing are important disturbance factors in grassland ecosystem. The grassland and grazing land of typical steppe in the Loess Plateau for 5 years were studied. The species composition, biomass, coverage, density, stem branch number and species diversity were investigated in the field. In order to reveal the influence of fencing and grazing disturbance on aboveground vegetation. The results showed that fencing and grazing had significant effects on the community structure of aboveground vegetation. Compared with grazing land, the above ground biomass and total coverage of typical steppe were significantly increased, but the aboveground vegetation density and stem branches were significantly decreased. Fencing measures significantly increased grass biomass and significantly decreased non-grass biomass. The number of branches on the ground of grass and non-grass was decreased, but the number of branches on the ground of non-gramineous grass was not significantly decreased. The species richness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of aboveground vegetation were significantly decreased by fencing, but the effects of fencing on Simpson index and Pielou index were not significant.
【作者单位】：河南科技大学动物科技学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金(31302013) 河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A2302812013) 河南科技大学博士启动资助项目(09001634)
【分类号】：S812

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