不同诱食剂对伊犁马驹麦草采食量、生长性能及部分血清激素水平的影响

发布时间：2018-05-04 21:43

本文选题：伊犁马驹 + 诱食剂　；参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验旨在通过诱食剂的运用,将农副产品(麦草)资源充分应用到新疆马养殖产业中,一方面探讨发展新疆特色马产业的关键养殖技术,另一方面为马属动物粗饲料开发利用和新型诱食剂的研发提供科学依据。目前国内对于马的调味型诱食剂和生理型诱食剂的研究鲜有报道。特别是不同诱食剂对马血清中摄食相关激素变化规律方面的研究暂为空白。本试验设计了四种不同的调味型诱食剂对马驹麦草处理(试验一),引用丙谷胺作为生理型诱食剂添加在马驹日粮中定量饲喂(试验二)。试验一:采取单因素随机分组试验设计,选取25匹17月龄健康无病、体况和采食量相近的伊犁马母驹随机分为5个处理组(n=5),即对照组、甜味剂组、玉米香剂组、乳香剂组、哈密瓜香剂组。对照组饲喂基础日粮,不同调味剂处理组分别将日粮中粗料麦草经诱食剂处理后饲喂。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,在试验全期,乳香剂和玉米香剂组马驹麦草采食量分别极显著和显著提高7.60%(P0.01)和5.15%(P0.05),而哈密瓜香剂组极显著降低10.44%(P0.01),甜味剂组与对照组并无显著差异(P0.05);试验第15 d和第30 d食后1 h,与对照组相比,乳香剂和玉米香剂组血清中神经肽Y(NPY)含量均显著升高(P0.05),哈密瓜香剂组血清中5-羟色胺(5-HT)含量显著升高(P0.05),乳香剂和玉米香剂组血清中γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量均显著升高(P0.05),各组间血清中胆囊收缩素(CCK)和瘦素(LEP)含量与对照组相比均无显著性差异(P0.05)。综上所述,玉米香剂和乳香剂均能显著提高伊犁马驹麦草采食量,而哈密瓜香剂显著抑制了伊犁马驹的麦草采食量;玉米香剂和乳香剂均能显著提高马驹血清中神经肽Y和γ-氨基丁酸的含量,而哈密瓜香剂使马驹血清中5-羟色胺含量显著升高;由此推测马驹对喜好的气味、味道采食量高,其作用机制可能是通过提高动物体内神经肽Y和γ-氨基丁酸的水平以调控动物采食,而马驹对较为厌恶的味道采食量低,可能是通过升高马驹血清中5-羟色胺含量以抑制其采食。试验二:采取单因素随机分组试验设计,选取20匹17月龄健康无病、体况和采食量相近的伊犁马母驹随机分为4个处理组,每组5匹,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加500、1000、1500 mg/kg丙谷胺。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组马驹麦草采食量在试验第1~15天显著提高(P0.05),血清中胆囊收缩素(CCK)含量和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量在试验进行15 d后分别显著降低和升高(P0.05);与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组马驹麦草采食量和日增重在试验全期内均显著提高(P0.05),血清中CCK含量在试验进行至15 d后极显著降低(P0.01)、30 d后显著降低(P0.05),血清中γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量在试验全期均显著提高(P0.05);与对照组相比,各试验组马驹体尺指标以及血清中神经肽Y(NPY)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、瘦素(LEP)含量差异均不显著(P0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加1500 mg/kg丙谷胺,能够显著提高马驹麦草采食量,有效促进马驹体增重,提高生长性能,显著降低血清胆囊收缩素含量,显著升高血清γ-氨基丁酸含量,推测其作用机制可能是通过降低动物体内胆囊收缩素水平以调控动物的采食,且与γ-氨基丁酸的调控途径有关。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment is to apply the food and sideline products (wheat straw) resources to the Xinjiang horse breeding industry through the use of the attractants. On the one hand, the key breeding technology for developing the Xinjiang characteristic horse industry is discussed. On the other hand, the scientific basis for the development and utilization of the coarse feed of the horse and the development of a new type of luring agent is provided. There are few reports on the study of type of food attractants and physiological type attractants. In particular, the study on the changes of feeding related hormones in horse serum is temporarily blank. This experiment designed four different flavoring attractants for the treatment of foal wheat straw (test one), and citing propanoamine as a physiological attractant to the foal diet. Quantitative feeding (test two). Test 1: a single factor randomized block trial was designed to select 25 Yili horse mothers with 17 month old healthy and healthy without disease and similar body condition and feed intake into 5 treatment groups (n=5), that is, the control group, the sweetener group, the corn incense group, the frankincense group and the Hami melon incense group. The control group was fed with basic diet and different flavoring agents. The pre trial period was 7 d, and the test period 30 d. showed that, compared with the control group, the food intake of the foal wheat straw was significantly increased and significantly increased by 7.60% (P0.01) and 5.15% (P0.05) compared with the control group, while the Hami melon incense group decreased significantly by 10.44% (P0.01), sweet and sweet. There was no significant difference between the flavor group and the control group (P0.05); the test fifteenth D and thirtieth d after 1 h, compared with the control group, the content of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the sera of the frankincense and the corn incense group increased significantly (P0.05). The serum 5- HT (5-HT) content in the Hami melon incense group was significantly increased (P0.05), and the serum gamma aminoprene in the sera of the frankincense and the corn incense group was in the serum. The content of acid (GABA) increased significantly (P0.05), and there was no significant difference in the content of serum cholecystokinin (CCK) and leptin (LEP) in the serum of each group compared with the control group (P0.05). To sum up, the corn incense and the frankincense could significantly increase the feed intake of Yili foals, and the Hami melon incense significantly inhibited the feed intake of the wheat straw in Yili foals; The content of neuropeptide Y and gamma aminobutyric acid in the serum of foals could be increased significantly, while Hami melon incense increased the content of 5- serotonin in the sera of the foal significantly, and it was deduced that the taste of the foal was high, and the mechanism of its action may be to improve the level of neuropeptide Y and gamma aminobutyric acid in the moving body. Control animal feed, and the foal's less appetite for the more disgust, may be by increasing the content of 5- serotonin in the foal serum to inhibit its feeding. Test two: a single factor randomized block trial was adopted to select 20 17 month old healthy, healthy and non disease cases, and the Yili horse foals with similar body condition and food intake were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, each group was 5, The experimental group I, II, and III were fed with 50010001500 mg/kg progglutamine in the basal diet. The test period was 7 d and the test period 30 d. showed that, compared with the control group, the feed intake of the foal wheat straw was significantly improved on the day 1~15 (P0.05), the content of cholecystokinin (CCK) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the serum (GABA). Compared with the control group, the feed intake and daily weight gain of the foal in the test group were significantly increased (P0.05), and the CCK content in the serum was significantly decreased (P0.01) after the test to 15 d (P0.01), and the serum levels of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the serum were significantly decreased (P0.05) compared with the control group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the body ruler index of the foal and the serum level of neuropeptide Y (NPY), 5- HT (5-HT) and leptin (LEP) were not significantly different from the control group (P0.05). To sum up, 1500 mg/kg propyl glutamines were added to the diet, which could significantly improve the feed intake of the foals, and effectively promote the weight gain of the foals. High growth performance significantly reduces the content of cholecystokinin in serum and significantly increases the content of serum gamma aminobutyric acid. It is presumed that the mechanism may be related to the regulation of gamma aminobutyric acid by reducing the level of cholecystokinin in animals to regulate the feeding of animals.

【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S821.5

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