双峰驼海马发育及其NGF、BDNF和SYN1的表达

发布时间：2018-05-12 23:24

本文选题：双峰驼 + 海马发育　；参考：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：双峰驼是一种生活在戈壁、荒漠和半荒漠地区的大型哺乳动物,其嗅觉灵敏并且有很好的方向感。双峰驼这种对方向强烈的辨识和认知特性与它在生长发育过程中学习记忆的形成密切相关。众所周知,海马在学习记忆中起着重要的作用,因此,研究双峰驼海马发育过程中神经元的形态和超微结构变化及相关蛋白的表达,有助于揭示双峰驼较强的方向辨识和认知能力形成的原因。目的：研究双峰驼海马发育过程中两种主要神经元形态学和超微结构的变化及海马不同区域内NGF、BDNF和SYN1的表达情况。方法：应用常规石蜡切片HE染色、Nissl染色、免疫组织化学和透射电镜等研究方法,对胎驼、青年双峰驼和成年双峰驼海马CA1-CA3区锥体细胞、DG颗粒细胞的形态学和超微结构的变化进行研究,并观察了NGF、BDNF和SYN1的表达变化。结果：Nissl染色结果显示,随着双峰驼发育,海马CA1-CA3区锥体细胞层和颗粒细胞层的宽度从(38.87±7.05～53.17±7.46)μm到(58.27±8.30～67.60±13.97)μm,显著增加(P0.05)。各区锥体细胞和颗粒细胞的体积增大,其中锥体细胞的体积由(1,337.77+131.51～2,086.18±374.92)μm3到(2,729.24±334.09～5,107.28±336.59)μm3,颗粒细胞的体积由302.57±46.30μm3到577.38±44.23μm3,均差异显著(P0.001)。密度降低,锥体细胞由(607.35±65.06～726.76±74.59)个/mm2到(311.29±67.55～422.47±67.16)个/mm2(P0.001),颗粒细胞由2,117.88±235.51个/mm2到1632.88±197.15个/mm2(P0.001)。细胞的核体比减小,锥体细胞从(3.57%+0.002～3.99%4±0.006)到(2.32%+0.002～2.73%±0.005)(P0.001),颗粒细胞从(7.57%±0.006)到(4.87%±0.330)(P0.001)。免疫组化结果表明,成年双峰驼海马锥体细胞中NGF和BDNF的表达量显著高于胎驼(P0.01)和青年双峰驼(氏0.01)。这两种蛋白在颗粒细胞中的表达量随海马的发育逐渐增加；从胎驼到青年双峰驼,SYN1在海马锥体细胞和颗粒细胞中的表达量明显增加(P0.05),而从青年双峰驼发育到成年双峰驼,SYN1的表达量增加较少。透射电镜结果表明,青年双峰驼海马CA1区和CA3区的突触数目较胎驼明显增多且结构更完整,成年双峰驼与青年双峰驼相比,海马CA1和CA3区的突触数目变化不大；青年双峰驼海马CA1区和CA3区的线粒体数目最多,成年双峰驼海马CA1和CA3区的线粒体数目与青年双峰驼相比较少。结论：从胎驼到成年双峰驼,海马中的主要神经元不断迁移、成熟,从体积小且少有突起和分支的神经元发育成为体积较大、具有明显形态和功能的神经元。NGF和BDNF在成年双峰驼海马神经元中表达量最高,表明NGF和BDNF可调节已分化的神经元,使其形态和功能发生改变以促进双峰驼海马发育过程中学习记忆功能的逐步完善。SYNl的表达情况和海马神经元超微结构观察到的结果相一致,表明双峰驼在青年期,海马中的突触数目最多,所需能量也最多。
[Abstract]:Bactrian camel is a large mammal living in Gobi, desert and semi-desert area. Its sense of smell is sensitive and it has a good sense of direction. The strong recognition and cognitive characteristics of Bactrian camel are closely related to the formation of learning and memory during its growth and development. It is well known that the hippocampus plays an important role in learning and memory. Therefore, the morphological and ultrastructural changes of neurons and the expression of related proteins in the hippocampus of Bactrian camel are studied. It is helpful to reveal the reasons for the stronger orientation identification and cognitive ability of Bactrian camel. Aim: to study the morphological and ultrastructural changes of two main neurons and the expression of BDNF and SYN1 in different hippocampal regions of Bactrian Camel. Methods: using routine paraffin section HE staining Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscope to study the fetal camel. The morphological and ultrastructural changes of the pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1-CA3 region of young bactrian camel and adult bactrian camel were studied, and the expression of BDNF and SYN1 were observed. Results with the development of Bactrian Camel, the width of pyramidal cell layer and granulosa cell layer in hippocampal CA1-CA3 region ranged from 38.87 卤7.05 ~ 53.17 卤7.46 渭 m to 58.27 卤8.30 ~ 67.60 卤13.97 渭 m, significantly increased (P 0.05). The volume of pyramidal cells and granulosa cells increased. The volume of pyramidal cells ranged from 1337.77 131.51U 2086.18 卤374.92 渭 m ~ 3 to 2729.24 卤334.09 ~ 5107.28 卤336.59) 渭 m ~ 3, and the volume of granulosa cells ranged from 302.57 卤46.30 渭 m ~ 3 to 577.38 卤44.23 渭 m ~ (3). The density of pyramidal cells was decreased from 607.35 卤65.06 / 726.76 卤74.59 / mm2 to 311.29 卤67.55 / 422.47 卤67.16 / mm2 / mm2, respectively, and the granulosa cells ranged from 2117.88 卤235.51 / mm2 to 1632.88 卤197.15 / mm2, respectively. The nucleosome ratio of pyramidal cells decreased from 3.57% 0.002 ~ 3.994 卤0.006) to 2.32% 0.002 ~ 2.73% 卤0.005 (P 0.001), and granulosa cells from 7.57% 卤0.006) to 4.87% 卤0.330% (P 0.001). Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of NGF and BDNF in hippocampal pyramidal cells of adult bactrian camels was significantly higher than that of P0.01 and young bactrian camels. The expression of these two proteins in granulosa cells increased with the development of hippocampus. The expression of SYN1 in hippocampal pyramidal cells and granulosa cells increased significantly from the fetal camel to the young bactrian camel, but the expression of SYN1 increased slightly from the development of the young bactrian camel to the adult bactrian camel. The results of transmission electron microscope showed that the number of synapses in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus of young bactrian camels was significantly more than that of the fetal camels, and the synapses in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus of adult bactrian camels had little change compared with that of the young bactrian camels. The number of mitochondria in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus of young bactrian camels was the highest, and that of the CA1 and CA3 regions in the hippocampus of adult bactrian camels was less than that of young bactrian camels. Conclusion: from the fetal camel to the adult bactrian camel, the main neurons in the hippocampus migrate and mature, from the small neurons with few protuberances and branches to the larger ones. The expression of NGF and BDNF in the hippocampal neurons of adult bactrian camel was the highest, indicating that NGF and BDNF could regulate the differentiated neurons. The expression of SYNl was consistent with the observation of ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons, which indicated that Bactrian Camel was in youth, and its morphology and function were changed in order to promote the gradual improvement of learning and memory function of Bactrian Camel during the development of hippocampus. The hippocampus has the largest number of synapses and the most needed energy.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S824;Q78

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